Sport Pilot and Flight Instructors with a Sport Pilot Rating Practical Test Standards for Airplane Category, Rotorcraft Category Gyroplane, and Glider Category

Foreword

FAA-S-8081-29B, Sport Pilot and Flight Instructors with a Sport Pilot Rating Practical Test Standards for Airplane Category, Rotorcraft Category Gyroplane, and Glider Category is published by the FAA to establish the standards for sport pilot practical tests for the airplane, gyroplane, glider, and flight instructor and proficiency checks for gyroplane, glider, and flight instructor (not applicable for airplane privileges). Aviation safety inspectors and pilot examiners shall conduct practical tests in compliance with these standards. Instructors and applicants should find these standards helpful in practical test preparation. FAA-S-8081-29B supersedes FAA-S-8081-29A, Sport Pilot Practical Test Standards for Airplane, Gyroplane, Glider, and Flight Instructor.

Major Enhancements to Version FAA-S-8081-29B

Introduction

General Information

The FAA has published this PTS to establish the standards for the knowledge and skills necessary for the issuance of a Sport Pilot Certificate, Flight Instructor Certificate with a Sport Pilot Rating, Sport Pilot additional privileges to operate an additional category or class of aircraft and Flight Instructor additional privileges seeking to provide training in an additional category or class of aircraft at the sport pilot level. Aviation safety inspectors, pilot examiners, and flight instructors must conduct proficiency checks and practical tests in compliance with these standards. Flight instructors and applicants should find these standards helpful during training and when preparing for the practical test or proficiency check. The FAA has developed this PTS as the standard that shall be used by aviation safety inspectors and pilot examiners when conducting sport pilot and flight instructor with sport pilot rating practical tests, and by Authorized Instructors when conducting proficiency checks.

Throughout this PTS, the following titles will be referred to as an evaluator: ASI, pilot examiner (other than administrative pilot examiners), TCE, chief instructor, assistant chief instructor, check instructor of a pilot school holding examining authority, or authorized instructor. The addition of an airplane privilege for a sport pilot requires a practical test per 14 CFR part 61, section 61.321(e). The addition of an airplane privilege for a flight instructor with a sport pilot rating requires a practical test per 14 CFR part 61, section 61.419(e). Proficiency checks are not authorized for the addition of airplane privileges for pilots and flight instructors with a sport pilot rating, which is annotated here by the phrase “(not applicable for airplane privileges)”.

A proficiency check is an evaluation of aeronautical knowledge and flight proficiency in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, sections 61.321 or 61.419. A proficiency check must be administered using the appropriate PTS for the category of aircraft (not applicable for airplane privileges) when a pilot or a flight instructor adds new category/class privileges. Upon successful completion of the proficiency check, the authorized instructor will endorse the applicant’s logbook, indicating the added category/class of equipment that the applicant is authorized to operate. When an evaluator conducts a proficiency check, they are acting in the capacity of an authorized instructor.

Pilot examiners must have designation authority to conduct sport pilot initial evaluations and flight instructors with a sport pilot rating initial evaluations per FAA Order 8000.95, Designee Management Policy.

This PTS describes information considered directive in nature in terms such as “shall” and “must,” indicating that the actions are mandatory. Guidance information is described in terms such as “should” and “may,” indicating that the actions are desirable or permissive but not mandatory. This PTS is available for download, in PDF format, from https://www.faa.gov/training_testing/testing/test_standards Comments regarding this PTS may be emailed to acsptsinquiries@faa.gov.

PTS Concept

14 CFR part 61 specifies the subject areas in which knowledge and skill must be demonstrated by the applicant before the issuance of a certificate. The practical test standards contain the Areas of Operation and specific Tasks in which competency shall be demonstrated. The FAA will revise this PTS whenever it is determined that changes are needed in the interest of safety. Per 14 CFR part 61, section 61.43, adherence to the practical test standards is mandatory.

PTS Description

This PTS contains the following:

Section 1—Sport Pilot Airplane Single-Engine Land and Sea

Section 2—Sport Pilot Gyroplane

Section 3—Sport Pilot Glider

Section 4—Sport Pilot Flight Instructor (The flight instructor section contains a separate introduction in section 4.)

This PTS includes the AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKs for the issuance of an initial Sport Pilot Certificate and for the addition of sport pilot category/class privileges (not applicable for airplane privileges). It also contains information on how to obtain an initial Flight Instructor Certificate with a Sport Pilot Rating and for the addition of flight instructor category/class privileges (not applicable for airplane privileges).

AREAS OF OPERATION are phases of the practical test or proficiency check arranged in a logical sequence within each standard. They begin with Preflight Preparation and end with Postflight Procedures. The evaluator may conduct the practical test or proficiency check in any sequence that will result in a complete and efficient test. An authorized instructor may conduct a proficiency check in any sequence that will result in a complete and efficient test; however, the ground portion of the practical test or proficiency check shall be accomplished before the flight portion. TASKs are specific knowledge areas, flight procedures, or maneuvers appropriate to an AREA OF OPERATION. The abbreviation(s) within parentheses immediately following a TASK refer to the appropriate class of aircraft. The meaning of each class abbreviation is as follows:

ASEL Airplane Single-Engine—Land

ASES Airplane Single-Engine—Sea

When administering a test using sections 1, 2, 3, or 4 of this PTS, the TASKs appropriate to the class aircraft (ASEL and ASES) used for the test shall be included in the plan of action. The absence of a class indicates the TASK is for all classes.

NOTE is used to emphasize special considerations required in the AREA OF OPERATION or TASK. REFERENCE identifies the publication(s) that describe(s) the TASK. Descriptions of TASKs are not included in these standards because this information can be found in the current issue of the listed reference. Publications other than those listed may be used for reference if their content conveys substantially the same meaning as the referenced publications.

These practical test standards are based on the following references:

14 CFR part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations 14 CFR part 43 Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration 14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors 14 CFR part 67 Medical Standards and Certification 14 CFR part 68 Requirements for Operating Certain Small Aircraft without a Medical Certificate 14 CFR part 71 Designation of Class A, B, C, D, and E Airspace Areas; Air Traffic Service Routes; and Reporting Points

14 CFR part 73 Special Use Airspace

14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules AC 61-65 Certification: Pilots and Flight Instructors and Ground Instructors AC 61-67 Stall and Spin Awareness Training AC 61-134 General Aviation Controlled Flight Into Terrain Awareness AC 90-48 Pilots’ Role in Collision Avoidance

AC 90-66 Non-Towered Airport Flight Operations

AC 91-69 Seaplane Safety for FAR Part 91 Operators

AFM Airplane Flying Manual

AFM/POH FAA-Approved Flight Manual/ Pilot’s Operating Handbook

AIM Aeronautical Information Manual

FAA-H-8083-1 Weight and Balance Handbook

FAA-H-8083-3 Airplane Flying Handbook

FAA-H-8083-9 Aviation Instructor’s Handbook

FAA-H-8083-11 Balloon Flying Handbook

FAA-H-8083-13 Glider Flying Handbook

FAA-H-8083-21 Helicopter Flying Handbook FAA-H-8083-23 Seaplane, Skiplane, and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter Operations Handbook FAA-H-8083-25 Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

FAA-H-8083-28 Aviation Weather Handbook

NOTAM Notice to Airmen 49 CFR part 830 Notification and Reporting of Aircraft Accidents or Incidents and Overdue Aircraft, and Preservation of Aircraft Wreckage, Mail, Cargo, and Records Other Aeronautical Navigation Charts

Gyroplane Flight Manual

FAA Operating Limitations

Aircraft Operating Limitations

Aircraft Flight Manual

Airship Flight Manual

International-Inland

Chart Supplements

USCG Navigation Rules NOTE: Users should refer to the current editions of the reference documents listed above. The current editions of all FAA publications can be found at www.faa.gov.

The Objective lists the important elements that must be satisfactorily performed to demonstrate competency in a TASK. The Objective includes:

1. specifically what the applicant must be able to do;

2. the conditions under which the TASK is to be performed;

3. acceptable performance standards; and 4. safety considerations, when applicable.

Abbreviations/Acronyms

14 CFR Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations

AC Advisory Circular

ADM Aeronautical Decision-Making

AFM Airplane Flight Manual

AGL Above Ground Level

AIM Aeronautical Information Manual

AKTR Airman Knowledge Test Report

ASEL Airplane Single Engine Land

ASES Airplane Single Engine Sea

ASI Aviation Safety Inspector

ATC Air Traffic Control

CFIT Controlled Flight into Terrain

CRM Crew Resource Management

CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency

FAA Federal Aviation Administration

FOI Flight Operations Inspector

ID Identification

IACRA Integrated Airman Certification and Rating Application

IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions

LAHSO Land and Hold Short Operations

NOTAM Notice to Airmen

NTSB National Transportation Safety Board

PDF Portable Document Format

POH Pilot’s Operating Handbook

PTS Practical Test Standards

RPM Revolutions per Minute

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SRM Single Pilot Resource Management

SUA Special Use Airspace

TCE Training Center Evaluator TFR

Temporary Flight Restrictions

U.S. United States of America

USCG United States Coast Guard

VA Velocity of Acceleration (Maneuvering Speed)

VFR Visual Flight Rules

VSO Velocity Stall Zero (Stalling Speed)

VX Best Angle of Climb Speed

VY Best Rate of Climb Speed

Use of the PTS The FAA requires that all sport pilots and flight instructors with a sport pilot rating have practical tests and proficiency checks conducted in accordance with the appropriate sport pilot practical test standards and the policies set forth in this INTRODUCTION. Applicants must be evaluated in ALL TASKs included in each AREA OF OPERATION of the appropriate practical test standard, unless otherwise noted. In preparation for each practical test or proficiency check, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall develop a written “plan of action.” The “plan of action” shall include all TASKs in each AREA OF OPERATION, unless noted otherwise. If the elements in one TASK have already been evaluated in another TASK, they need not be repeated.

For example, the “plan of action” need not include evaluating the applicant on complying with markings at the end of the flight, if that element was sufficiently observed at the beginning of the flight. Any TASK selected for evaluation during a practical test or proficiency check shall be evaluated in its entirety. Exception: the pilot examiner or ASI (practical test); or Authorized Instructor (proficiency check) evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground shall evaluate only those TASK elements that can be accurately assessed from the ground.

The evaluator or authorized instructor is not required to follow the precise order in which the AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKs appear in these PTS. The evaluator or authorized instructor may change the sequence or combine TASKs with similar Objectives to have an orderly and efficient flow of the practical test or proficiency check events.

The evaluators or authorized instructor’s “plan of action” shall include the order and combination of TASKs to be demonstrated by the applicant in a manner that will result in an efficient and valid test. The evaluator or authorized instructor is expected to use good judgment in the performance of simulated emergency procedures. The use of the safest means for simulation is expected. Consideration must be given to local conditions, both meteorological and topographical, at the time of the test, as well as the applicant’s workload, and the condition of the aircraft used during the practical test or proficiency check. If the procedure being evaluated would jeopardize safety, the applicant is expected to simulate that portion of the maneuver.

Special Emphasis Areas

Evaluators and authorized instructors shall place special emphasis upon areas of aircraft operations considered critical to flight safety. Among these are:

1. positive aircraft control;

2. procedures for positive exchange of flight controls;

3. stall and spin awareness (if appropriate);

4. collision avoidance;

5. wake turbulence and low level wind shear avoidance;

6. runway incursion avoidance;

7. CFIT;

8. ADM and risk management;

9. SRM and CRM;

10. wire strike avoidance;

11. checklist usage;

12. spatial disorientation;

13. TFR;

14. SUA;

15. aviation security; and 16. other areas deemed appropriate to any phase of the practical test or proficiency check. Although these areas may not be specifically addressed under each TASK, they are essential to flight safety and will be evaluated during the practical test or proficiency check. In all instances, the applicant’s actions will relate to the situation or TASK.

Sport Pilot—Practical Test Prerequisites (Initial)

14 CFR part 61, sections 61.39 and subpart J, provide practical test and certification prerequisites.

Sport Pilot—Additional Privileges

If you hold a Sport Pilot Certificate or higher and seek to operate an additional category or class of aircraft (not applicable for airplane privileges), you must comply with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.321. If you hold a Flight Instructor Certificate with a Sport Pilot Rating or higher and seek to operate an additional category or class of aircraft (not applicable for airplane privileges), you must comply with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.419.

Aircraft and Equipment Requirements

14 CFR part 61, section 61.45, provides requirements for aircraft and equipment for the practical test. The aircraft utilized for sport pilot and flight instructor with a sport pilot rating, practical tests and proficiency checks (not applicable for airplane privileges), must meet the requirements listed in 14 CFR part 61, section 61.316.

Single-Seat Aircraft Practical Test

Applicants for a Sport Pilot Certificate may elect to take their test in a single-seat aircraft. The FAA established in 14 CFR part 61, section 61.45(f) specific requirements to allow a practical test for a Sport Pilot Certificate only. This provision does not allow a practical test for a Flight Instructor Certificate, or Recreation Pilot Certificate, or higher to be conducted in an aircraft that has a single-pilot seat. With certain limitations, the practical test for a Sport Pilot Certificate may be conducted from the ground by a pilot examiner or ASI. The pilot examiner or ASI must agree to conduct the practical test in a single-seat aircraft and must ensure that the practical test is conducted in accordance with the sport pilot practical test standards for single-seat aircraft. Knowledge of all TASKs applicable to their category/class of aircraft will be evaluated orally. Single-seat sport pilots shall demonstrate competency in those specific TASKs identified by a NOTE in the AREA OF OPERATION for a single-seat practical test and any other TASKs selected by the pilot examiner or ASI. Pilot examiners or ASIs evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground shall evaluate only those TASK elements that can be accurately assessed from the ground.

The pilot examiner and ASI must maintain radio contact with the applicant and be in a position to observe the operation of the aircraft while evaluating the applicant’s proficiency from the ground. Upon successful completion of the practical test, the pilot certificate will be issued with a limitation “No passenger carriage and flight in a single-seat aircraft only.” Only a pilot examiner or ASI is authorized to remove this limitation when the sport pilot takes a complete practical test in a two-place aircraft. This practical test may be conducted in the same or an additional category of aircraft.

Single-Seat Aircraft Proficiency Check

Sport pilot proficiency checks may be performed for an additional category/class privilege (not applicable for airplane privileges) to a Sport Pilot Certificate or higher, in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.321, using a single-seat aircraft, provided the authorized instructor is a pilot examiner. When a pilot examiner conducts a proficiency check, they are acting in the capacity of an authorized instructor. The authorized instructor must agree to conduct the practical test in a single-seat aircraft and must ensure that the proficiency check is conducted in accordance with the sport pilot practical test standards for single-seat aircraft (not applicable for airplane privileges). Knowledge of all TASKs applicable to the category or class of aircraft will be evaluated orally. Those pilots seeking sport pilot privileges in a single-seat aircraft shall demonstrate competency in those specific TASKs identified by a NOTE in the AREA OF OPERATION for a single-seat proficiency check and any other TASKs selected by the authorized instructor. Authorized instructors evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground shall evaluate only those TASK elements that can be accurately assessed from the ground.

The authorized instructor must have radio contact and be in a position to observe the operation of the aircraft and evaluate the applicant’s proficiency from the ground. On successful completion of a proficiency check, the authorized instructor will issue an endorsement with the following limitation: “No passenger carriage and flight in a single-pilot seat aircraft only (add category/class/)” limiting their operations to a single-seat aircraft in this category and class. The authorized instructor must sign this endorsement with their flight instructor and pilot examiner number. This limitation can be removed by successfully completing a proficiency check, accomplishing the additional TASKs identified in the practical test standards in a two-place aircraft in that specific category and class (not applicable for airplane privileges), in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.321. This proficiency check must be conducted in the same category and class of aircraft. Upon successful completion of the proficiency check, the applicant will be given an endorsement for the aircraft privilege sought.

Evaluator Responsibility

The evaluator conducting the practical test or authorized instructor conducting the proficiency check is responsible for determining that the applicant meets the acceptable standards of knowledge and skill of each TASK within each appropriate AREA OF OPERATION. Since there is no formal division between the “oral” and “skill” portions of the practical test or proficiency check, this oral portion becomes an ongoing process throughout the test. Oral questioning, to determine the applicant’s knowledge of TASKs and related safety factors, should be used judiciously at all times, especially during the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check. Evaluators and authorized instructors shall test to the greatest extent practicable the applicant’s correlative abilities rather than mere rote enumeration of facts throughout the practical test or proficiency check.

If the evaluator or authorized instructor determines that a TASK is incomplete or the outcome is uncertain, the evaluator may require the applicant to repeat that TASK, or portions of that TASK. This provision has been made in the interest of fairness and does not mean that instruction, practice, or the repeating of an unsatisfactory TASK is permitted during the certification process. When practical, the remaining TASKs of the practical test or proficiency check phase should be completed before repeating the questionable TASK.

The evaluator or authorized instructor shall use scenarios when applicable to determine that the applicant can use good risk management procedures in making aeronautical decisions. Examples of TASKs where scenarios would be advantageous are weather analysis, performance planning, and runway/landing area selection.

Throughout the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s knowledge and practical incorporation of special emphasis areas.

Flight Instructor Responsibility

An appropriately rated authorized flight instructor is responsible for training the sport pilot applicant to acceptable standards in all subject matter areas, procedures, and maneuvers included in the Tasks within the appropriate PTS.

Because their teaching activities impact the development of safe, proficient pilots, flight instructors should exhibit a high level of knowledge and skill and be able to impart that knowledge and skill to learners. Additionally, the flight instructor must certify that the applicant is able to perform safely as a sport pilot and is competent to pass the required practical test.

Throughout the applicant's training, the flight instructor is responsible for emphasizing the performance of effective visual scanning, collision avoidance, and runway incursion avoidance procedures. These areas are covered, in part, in AC 90-48, Pilots’ Role in Collision Avoidance; FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge; and the Aeronautical Information Manual.

Practical Test—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance

14 CFR part 61, section 61.43(a), describes the satisfactory completion of the practical test for a certificate or rating.

Practical Test—Sport Pilot-Unsatisfactory Performance

If, in the judgment of the pilot examiner, the applicant does not meet the standards of performance of any Task performed, the associated Area of Operation is considered unsatisfactory and, therefore, the practical test is failed. 14 CFR part 61, section 61.43(c)-(f) provides additional unsatisfactory performance requirements and parameters.

Typical areas of unsatisfactory performance and grounds for disqualification are:

2. Failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing maneuvers.

3. Consistently exceeding tolerances stated in the Objectives.

4. Failure to take prompt corrective action when tolerances are exceeded. When a disapproval notice is issued, the evaluator records the applicant's unsatisfactory performance in terms of the Area of Operations and specific Task(s) not meeting the standard appropriate to the practical test conducted. The Area(s) of Operation/Task(s) not tested and the number of practical test failures must also be recorded. If the applicant fails the practical test because of a special emphasis area, the Notice of Disapproval must indicate the associated Task.

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance When Adding an Additional Category/Class Satisfactory performance of TASKs to add category/class privileges is based on the applicant’s ability to safely:

1. perform the TASKs specified in the AREAS OF OPERATION for the certificate or privileges sought within the approved standards;

2. demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome of each TASK performed never seriously in doubt;

3. demonstrate satisfactory proficiency and competency within the approved standards;

When an applicant is adding a category/class privileges to their Pilot Certificate, the authorized instructor, upon satisfactory completion of the proficiency check, shall endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating that the applicant is qualified to operate the additional sport pilot category/class of aircraft. The authorized instructor shall forward FAA Form 8710-11 to the Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days or submit the application through IACRA.

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Unsatisfactory Performance When Adding an Additional Category/Class When the applicant’s performance does not meet the standards in the PTS, the evaluator or authorized instructor conducting the proficiency check shall annotate the unsatisfactory performance on the FAA Form 8710-11 and forward it to the Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days or submit the application through IACRA. A Notice of Disapproval will NOT be issued in this instance; rather, the applicant should be provided with a list of the AREAS OF OPERATION and the specific TASKs not meeting the standard, so that the applicant may receive additional training.

When the applicant receives the additional training in the AREAS OF OPERATION and the specific TASK(s) is/are found to be deficient during the proficiency check, the recommending instructor shall endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating that the applicant has received additional instruction and has been found competent to pass the proficiency check. The applicant shall complete a new FAA Form 8710-11, and the recommending instructor shall endorse the application. The authorized instructor, other than the one who provided the additional training, shall evaluate the applicant on all TASKS applicable to the additional aircraft privilege sought. When the applicant successfully accomplishes a complete proficiency check, the authorized instructor shall forward the FAA Form 8710-11 to the Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days, or submit the application through IACRA, and endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating the airman’s additional category/class privileges.

ADM, Risk Management, CRM, and SRM

Throughout the practical test, the evaluator must assess the applicant’s ability to use sound aeronautical decision-making procedures in order to identify hazards and mitigate risk. The evaluator must accomplish this requirement by developing scenarios that incorporate and combine Tasks appropriate to assessing the applicant’s risk management in making safe aeronautical decisions. For example, the evaluator may develop a scenario that incorporates weather decisions and performance planning. In assessing the applicant’s performance, the evaluator should take note of the applicant’s use of CRM and, if appropriate, SRM. CRM/SRM is the set of competencies that includes situational awareness, communication skills, teamwork, task allocation, and decision-making within a comprehensive framework of SOP. SRM specifically refers to the management of all resources onboard the aircraft, as well as outside resources available to the single pilot. If an applicant fails to use ADM, including CRM/SRM, as applicable in any Task, the evaluator will note that Task as failed.

Applicant’s Use of Checklists

Throughout the practical test or proficiency check, the applicant is evaluated on the use of an appropriate checklist. Proper use is dependent on the specific Task being evaluated. The situation may be such that using the checklist while accomplishing the elements of the Objective would be either unsafe or impractical, especially in a single-pilot operation. In this case, a review of the checklist after the elements have been accomplished would be appropriate. Division of attention and proper visual scanning would be considered when using a checklist.

Use of Distractions During Practical Test or Proficiency Check

Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. To evaluate the pilot's ability to utilize proper control technique while dividing attention both inside and outside the flight deck, the evaluator should simulate a realistic distraction during the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check to evaluate the applicant's ability to divide attention while maintaining safe flight.

Positive Exchange of Flight Controls

During flight, there must always be a clear understanding between pilots of who has control of the aircraft. Prior to flight, a briefing should be conducted that includes the procedure for the exchange of flight controls. A positive three-step process, subsequently described, in the exchange of flight controls between pilots is a proven procedure and one that is strongly recommended. When one pilot wishes to give the other pilot control of the aircraft, they will say, “You have the flight controls.” The other pilot acknowledges immediately by saying, “I have the flight controls.” The first pilot again says, “You have the flight controls.” When control is returned to the first pilot, follow the same procedure. A visual check is recommended to verify that the exchange has occurred. There should never be any doubt as to who is flying the aircraft.

Letter of Discontinuance

When a practical test is discontinued for reasons other than unsatisfactory performance (e.g., equipment failure, weather, or illness), FAA Form 8710-11, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application, and, if applicable, the AKTR, are to be returned to the applicant. The evaluator at that time prepares, signs, and issues a Letter of Discontinuance to the applicant. The Letter of Discontinuance should identify the Areas of Operation and their associated Tasks of the practical test that were successfully completed. The applicant should be advised that the Letter of Discontinuance must be presented to the evaluator when the practical test is resumed and made part of the certification file.

Section 1 Sport Pilot Airplane (ASEL and ASES)

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist

Appointment with Evaluator

Evaluator’s Name

Location

Date/Time

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

Airworthiness Certificate

Registration Certificate

Operating Limitations

Logbook Record of Inspections/Airworthiness

Directives/Safety Directives

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

PERSONAL RECORDS

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH/FAA Operating Limitations.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by:

1. Explaining— a. certificate privileges, limitations, and currency experience requirements.

c. pilot logbook or flight records.

2. Locating and explaining— a. airworthiness and registration certificates.

b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, and flight training supplement.

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating Limitations. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airworthiness requirements by:

1. Explaining— a. Required instruments and equipment for sport pilot privileges.

2. Explaining— a. Airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to the aircraft brought for flight test.)

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 61-134; FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time weather information appropriate to the specific category/ class aircraft by consulting the weather reports, charts, and forecasts from aeronautical weather reporting sources.

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available weather information.

D. TASK: CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aeronautical Navigation Charts; Chart Supplements; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cross-country flight planning appropriate to the category/class aircraft.

2. Uses appropriate and current aeronautical charts.

3. Properly identifies airspace, obstructions, and terrain features.

7. Selects appropriate navigation system/facilities and communication frequencies, if so equipped.

E. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 73, 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aeronautical Navigation Charts; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining:

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of airspace:

b. Class C.

c. Class D.

d. Class E.

e. Class G.

2. Special use and other airspace areas.

3. TFRs.

F. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems on the aircraft provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following systems, if applicable:

1. Primary flight controls and trim.

2. Flaps and lift-enhancing devices.

3. Water rudders.

4. Powerplant and propeller.

5. Landing gear, brakes, and steering.

6. Fuel, oil, and hydraulic.

7. Electrical.

8. Avionics.

9. Pitot-static, vacuum/pressure, and associated flight instruments.

G. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining:

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.

b. Hyperventilation.

c. Middle ear and sinus problems.

d. Spatial disorientation.

e. Motion sickness.

f. Carbon monoxide poisoning.

g. Stress and fatigue.

h. Dehydration.

i. Hypothermia.

H. TASK: WATER AND SEAPLANE CHARACTERISTICS (ASES)

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-23.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to water and seaplane characteristics by explaining:

1. The characteristics of a water surface as affected by features, such as— a. Size and location.

b. Protected and unprotected areas.

c. Surface wind.

d. Direction and strength of water current.

e. Floating and partially submerged debris.

f. Sandbars, islands, and shoals.

g. Vessel traffic and wakes.

h. Other features peculiar to the area.

2. Float and hull construction, and their effect on seaplane performance, as applicable.

I. TASK: SEAPLANE BASES, MARITIME RULES, AND AIDS TO MARINE NAVIGATION (ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to seaplane bases, maritime rules, and aids to marine navigation by explaining:

3. Right-of-way, steering, and sailing rules pertinent to seaplane operation.

J. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-1, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations by explaining the use of charts, tables, and data if appropriate, to determine performance and the adverse effects of exceeding limitations.

2. Exhibits knowledge of the principles of weight and balance by explaining weight and balance terms and the effect of weight and balance on airplane performance.

K. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine the applicant exhibits knowledge of basic aerodynamics and principles of flight including:

1. Forces acting on an airplane in various flight maneuvers.

2. Airplane stability and controllability.

3. Torque effect.

4. Wingtip vortices and precautions to be taken.

5. Loads and load factors.

6. Angle of attack, stalls and stall recovery, including flight situations in which unintentional stalls may occur.

7. Effects and use of primary and secondary flight controls, including the purpose of each control and proper technique for use.

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs A, C, and D.

A. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to preflight inspection. This shall include which items must be inspected, the reasons for checking each item, and how to detect possible defects.

B. TASK: FLIGHT DECK MANAGEMENT (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to efficient flightdeck management procedures and related safety factors.

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner that makes the items readily available.

3. Briefs occupants on the use of safety belts, shoulder harnesses, and any other required safety equipment, doors, and emergency procedures.

C. TASK: ENGINE STARTING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to recommended engine starting procedures. This shall include pull starting, hand propping safety, and starting under various atmospheric conditions, if applicable.

2. Demonstrates awareness of other persons and property during start.

4. Accomplishes the correct starting procedure.

5. Completes the appropriate checklist.

D. TASK: TAXIING (ASEL)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to safe taxi procedures.

5. Complies with airport markings, signals, clearances, and instructions.

E. TASK: TAXIING AND SAILING (ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; USCG Navigation Rules; International-Inland; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to water taxiing and sailing procedures.

4. Uses the appropriate idle, plow, or step taxi technique.

5. Uses flight controls, flaps, doors, water rudder, and power correctly to follow the desired course while sailing.

6. Prevents and corrects for porpoising and skipping.

7. Avoids other aircraft, vessels, and hazards.

8. Complies with seaplane base signs, signals, and clearances.

F. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff check, including the reasons for checking each item and how to detect malfunctions.

2. Positions the airplane properly, considering other aircraft/vessels, wind, and surface conditions.

4. Accomplishes the before takeoff checklist and ensures the airplane is in safe operating condition.

6. Avoids runway incursions and/or ensures no conflict with traffic prior to taxiing into takeoff position.

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested orally for procedures ONLY. Exception: Single-seat applicants must be radio equipped.

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio communications at airports without operating control towers.

2. Selects appropriate frequencies.

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology.

4. Acknowledges radio communications.

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-66; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns and shall include procedures at airports with CTAF, prevention of runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, and wind shear.

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures.

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft.

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track.

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use.

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable.

C. TASK: AIRPORT/SEAPLANE BASE, RUNWAY, AND TAXIWAY SIGNS, MARKINGS AND LIGHTING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport/seaplane base, runway, and taxiway operations with emphasis on runway incursion avoidance.

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport/seaplane base runway, and taxiway signs, markings and lighting.

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select all TASKS.

A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a normal/crosswind takeoff and climb and rejected takeoff procedures.

2. Clears the area and positions the flight controls appropriately for the existing wind conditions.

5. Retracts flaps after a positive rate of climb is established and maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.

6. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH AND LANDING (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a normal and crosswind approach and landing.

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. (ASES) 3. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions and selects a suitable touchdown point.

4. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration and approach airspeed/attitude, adjusting pitch attitude and power as required.

C. TASK: SOFT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASEL)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field takeoff and climb.

4. Establishes and maintains a pitch attitude that will transfer the weight of the airplane from the wheels to the wings as rapidly as possible.

5. Lifts off at the lowest possible airspeed and remains in ground effect while accelerating to VX or VY, as appropriate.

6. Establishes a pitch attitude for VX or VY as appropriate and maintains selected airspeed +10/−5 knots, during the climb.

7. Retracts flaps, if appropriate, after being clear of any obstacles or as recommended by the manufacturer.

8. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.

9. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.

D. TASK: SOFT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING (ASEL)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field approach and landing.

3. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration, and airspeed/attitude; adjusts pitch attitude and power as required.

4. Maintains a stabilized approach and recommended airspeed, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/−5 knots, and/or appropriate approach attitude.

5. Touches down softly.

6. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing sequence.

7. Maintains proper position of the flight controls and sufficient speed to taxi on the soft surface.

E. TASK: SHORT-FIELD (CONFINED AREA—ASES) TAKEOFF AND MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE CLIMB (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a short-field (Confined Area-ASES) takeoff and maximum performance climb.

2. Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions; sets the flaps, if applicable, as recommended.

3. Clears the area; taxis into takeoff position utilizing maximum available takeoff area and aligns the airplane on the runway center/takeoff path.

4. Selects an appropriate take-off path for the existing conditions. (ASES) 5. Applies brakes (if appropriate) while advancing the throttle.

8. Establishes a pitch attitude that will maintain the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed, or VX +10/−5 knots, until the obstacle is cleared, or until the airplane is 50 feet above the surface.

10. Retracts the flaps after being clear of any obstacles or as recommended by the manufacturer.

12. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.

F. TASK: SHORT-FIELD (CONFINED AREA—ASES) APPROACH AND LANDING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a short-field (Confined Area—ASES) approach and landing.

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. (ASES) 3. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions and selects the most suitable touchdown point.

4. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed/attitude; adjusts pitch attitude and power as required.

5. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended approach airspeed/attitude, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 Vso, +10/−5 knots.

6. Selects the proper landing path, contacts the water at the minimum safe airspeed with the proper pitch attitude for the surface conditions. (ASES)

7. Touches down smoothly at minimum control airspeed. (ASEL)

8. Touches down at or within 200 feet beyond a specified point.

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing sequence.

10. Applies brakes if equipped (ASEL) or elevator control (ASES) as necessary, to stop in the shortest distance consistent with safety.

G. TASK: GLASSY WATER TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASES)

NOTE: If glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be evaluated by simulating the TASK. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to glassy water takeoff and climb.

4. Retracts the water rudders as appropriate; advances the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.

6. Utilizes appropriate techniques to lift the seaplane from the water, considering surface conditions.

10. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.

H. TASK: GLASSY WATER APPROACH AND LANDING (ASES)

NOTE: If glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be evaluated by simulating the TASK. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to glassy water approach and landing.

3. Considers the wind conditions, water depth, hazards, surrounding terrain, and other watercraft.

5. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration, airspeed/attitude, and adjusts pitch attitude and power as required.

6. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended approach airspeed, +10/–5 knots, and/or attitude, and maintains a touchdown pitch attitude and descent rate from the last altitude reference until touchdown.

7. Makes smooth, timely, and correct power and control adjustments to maintain proper pitch attitude and rate of descent to touchdown.

8. Contacts the water in the proper pitch attitude and slows to idle taxi speed.

I. TASK: ROUGH WATER TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASES)

NOTE: If rough water conditions do not exist, the applicant shall be evaluated by simulating the TASK.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to rough water takeoff and climb.

4. Retracts the water rudders as appropriate; advances the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.

6. Lifts off at minimum airspeed and accelerates to VY, +10/−5 knots before leaving ground effect.

9. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.

J. TASK: ROUGH WATER APPROACH AND LANDING (ASES)

NOTE: If rough water conditions do not exist, the applicant shall be evaluated by simulating the TASK. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to rough water approach and landing.

3. Considers the wind conditions, water, depth, hazards, surrounding terrain, and other watercraft.

5. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed/attitude and adjusts pitch attitude and power as required.

6. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended approach airspeed and/or attitude, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 Vso +10/−5 knots with wind gust factor applied.

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing sequence.

K. TASK: FORWARD SLIP TO A LANDING (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: This TASK applies to airplanes capable of performing slips. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to forward slip to a landing.

3. Establishes the slipping attitude at the point from which a landing can be made using the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed; adjusts pitch attitude and power as required.

4. Maintains a ground track aligned with the runway center/landing path and an airspeed/attitude, which results in minimum float during the roundout.

5. Makes smooth, timely, and correct control application during the recovery from the slip, the roundout, and the touchdown.

6. Touches down smoothly at the approximate stalling speed, at or within 400 feet beyond a specified point.

7. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing sequence.

L. TASK: GO-AROUND/REJECTED LANDING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a go-around/rejected landing.

4. Retracts the flaps as appropriate.

5. Maneuvers to the side of the runway/landing area to clear and avoid conflicting traffic, if appropriate.

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.

7. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the climb.

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS

A. TASK: STEEP TURNS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns.

2. Establishes the manufacturer’s recommended airspeed, or if one is not stated, a safe airspeed not to exceed VA.

3. Rolls into a coordinated 360° turn; maintains a 45° bank.

4. Performs the task in the opposite direction, as specified by the evaluator.

6. Maintains the entry altitude, ±100 feet, airspeed, ±10 knots, bank, ±5°; and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°.

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

NOTE: The evaluator shall select at least one ground reference maneuver. NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least one ground reference maneuver.

A. TASK: RECTANGULAR COURSE (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a rectangular course.

5. Divides attention between airplane control and the ground track while maintaining coordinated flight.

6. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.

B. TASK: S-TURNS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to S-turns.

2. Selects a suitable ground reference line and emergency landing area.

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius turn on each side of the selected reference line.

5. Reverses the direction of turn directly over the selected reference line.

7. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.

C. TASK: TURNS AROUND A POINT (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns around a point.

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius turn around the selected reference point.

5. Divides attention between airplane control and the ground track while maintaining coordinated flight.

6. Exits at the point of entry heading ±15°.

7. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots.

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION

A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-25.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to pilotage and dead reckoning, as appropriate.

3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart symbols.

B. TASK: DIVERSION (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to diversion.

2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport, or landing area, and route.

C. TASK: LOST PROCEDURES (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to lost procedures.

3. Maintains an appropriate heading and climbs, if necessary.

4. Identifies prominent landmarks.

5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and or contacts an ATC facility for assistance, as appropriate.

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS

A. TASK: MANEUVERING DURING SLOW FLIGHT (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering during slow flight.

3. Establishes and maintains an airspeed at which any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction in power would result in an immediate stall.

5. Divides attention between airplane control and orientation.

6. Maintains the specified altitude, ±100 feet; specified heading, ±10°; airspeed, +10/−0 knots and specified angle of bank, ±10°.

B. TASK: POWER-OFF STALLS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-off stalls.

3. Establishes a stabilized descent in the approach or landing configuration, as specified by the evaluator.

4. Transitions smoothly from the approach or landing attitude to a pitch attitude that will induce a stall.

5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, in straight flight; maintains a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10°; in turning flight, while inducing the stall.

6. Recognizes and recovers promptly after the stall occurs by simultaneously reducing the angle of attack, leveling the wings, and increasing power to the maximum allowable to return to a straight-and-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude appropriate for the airplane.

C. TASK: POWER-ON STALLS (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: In some high-performance airplanes, the power setting may have to be reduced below the practical test standards guideline power setting to prevent excessively high pitch attitudes (greater than 30°nose up).

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-on stalls.

2. Selects an entry altitude consistent with safety, which allows the TASK to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet AGL.

3. Establishes the takeoff or departure configuration. Sets power to no less than 65 percent of available power.

4. Transitions smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to the pitch attitude that will induce a stall.

5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, in straight flight; maintains a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10°, in turning flight, while inducing the stall.

6. Recognizes and recovers promptly after the stall occurs by simultaneously reducing the angle of attack, leveling the wings, and increasing power as appropriate, to return to a straight-and-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude appropriate for the airplane.

D. TASK: SPIN AWARENESS (ASEL and ASES) (Oral Only)

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to spin awareness by explaining:

1. Aerodynamic factors that cause spins.

2. Flight situations where unintentional spins may occur.

3. Procedures for avoidance and recovery from unintentional spins.

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select TASK A.

A. TASK: EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING (SIMULATED) (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency approach and landing procedures.

5. Plans and follows a flight pattern to the selected landing area considering altitude, wind, terrain, and obstructions.

6. Prepares for landing or go-around, as specified by the evaluator.

B. TASK: SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to system and equipment malfunctions appropriate to the airplane provided for the practical test.

2. Evaluates the situation and takes appropriate action for simulated emergencies appropriate to the airplane provided for the practical test for at least three (3) of the following— a. Partial or complete power loss.

b. Engine roughness or overheat.

c. Carburetor or induction icing.

d. Loss of oil pressure.

e. Fuel starvation.

f. Electrical malfunction.

g. Vacuum/pressure and associated flight instrument malfunctions.

i. Flap malfunction.

j. Inoperative trim.

k. Inadvertent door or window opening.

l. Smoke/fire/engine compartment fire.

m. Flight control malfunction.

n. Ballistic recovery system malfunction, if applicable.

o. Any other emergency appropriate to the airplane.

3. Follows the appropriate checklist or procedure.

C. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR (ASEL and ASES)

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally.

REFERENCES: AC 91-69; FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following environmental conditions:

2. Large bodies of water.

3. Desert conditions.

4. Extreme temperature changes.

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: The evaluator shall select Task A and for ASES applicants at least one other TASK. NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASK A and all other TASKs as applicable.

A. TASK: AFTER LANDING, PARKING, AND SECURING (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after landing, parking, and securing procedures.

6. Completes the appropriate checklist.

7. Conducts an appropriate postflight inspection and secures the aircraft.

B. TASK: ANCHORING (ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to anchoring.

2. Selects a suitable area for anchoring, considering seaplane movement, water depth, tide, wind, and weather changes.

3. Uses an adequate number of anchors and lines of sufficient strength and length to ensure the seaplane’s security.

C. TASK: DOCKING AND MOORING (ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to docking and mooring.

3. Ensures seaplane security.

D. TASK: RAMPING/BEACHING (ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ramping/beaching.

Section 2 Sport Pilot Rotorcraft Category Gyroplane

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist

Appointment with Evaluator

Evaluator’s Name ___

Location ___

Date/Time ___

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

Airworthiness Certificate

Registration Certificate

Operating Limitations

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

PERSONAL RECORDS

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS

VII. NAVIGATION

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH/FAA Operating Limitations.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by:

1. Explaining— a. certificate privileges, limitations, and currency experience requirements.

c. pilot logbook or flight records.

2. Locating and explaining— a. airworthiness and registration certificates.

b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH, and flight training supplement.

c. weight and balance data and/or equipment list, as applicable.

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating Limitations. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airworthiness requirements by:

1. Explaining— a. Required instruments and equipment for sport pilot privileges.

2. Explaining— a. Airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to the aircraft brought for flight test).

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 61-134; FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time weather information appropriate to the specific category/class aircraft by consulting the weather reports, charts, and forecasts from aeronautical weather reporting sources.

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available weather information.

D. TASK: CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aeronautical Navigation Charts; Chart Supplements; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cross-country flight planning appropriate to the category/class aircraft.

2. Uses appropriate and current aeronautical charts.

3. Properly identifies airspace, obstructions, and terrain features.

7. Selects appropriate navigation system/facilities and communication frequencies, if so equipped.

E. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 73, 91; Aeronautical Navigation Charts; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining:

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of airspace:

b. Class C.

c. Class D.

d. Class E.

e. Class G.

2. Special use and other airspace areas.

3. TFRs.

F. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems on the aircraft provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following systems, if applicable:

1. Primary flight controls and trim.

2. Powerplant and propeller.

3. Rotors, including prerotator/spin-up control.

4. Landing gear, brakes, and steering.

5. Fuel, oil, hydraulic.

6. Electrical.

7. Avionics.

8. Pitot-static, vacuum/pressure, and associated flight instruments.

G. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining:

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.

b. Hyperventilation.

c. Middle ear and sinus problems.

d. Spatial disorientation.

e. Motion sickness.

f. Carbon monoxide poisoning.

g. Stress and fatigue.

h. Dehydration.

i. Hypothermia.

H. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-1, FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations by explaining the use of charts, tables, and data if appropriate, to determine performance and the adverse effects of exceeding limitations.

2. Understands the cause, effect, and avoidance procedure of “power pushover” and “pilot induced oscillation.”

3. Determines if weight and center of gravity will remain within limits during all phases of flight.

6. Explains the requirement to maintain sufficient airspeed rather than groundspeed when making downwind turns in close proximity to the ground.

I. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine the applicant exhibits knowledge of at least three (3) of the following aerodynamic principles:

1. Autorotative airflow and reverse flow.

2. Blade flapping and coning.

3. Dissymmetry of lift.

4. Lateral stick force/position change with airspeed.

5. Load factor effects in level flight and turns.

6. Retreating blade stall.

7. Rotor system characteristics.

8. Stability and controllability.

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs A, C, and D.

A. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a preflight inspection, including which items must be inspected, for what reason, and how to detect possible defects.

B. TASK: FLIGHT DECK MANAGEMENT

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8081-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to efficient flightdeck management procedures and related safety factors.

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner that makes the items readily available.

3. Briefs the occupant on the use of safety belts, propeller and rotor blade avoidance, and emergency procedures.

C. TASK: ENGINE STARTING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to correct engine starting procedures and the effects of using incorrect starting procedures.

2. Demonstrates awareness of other persons and property during start.

D. TASK: TAXIING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to recommended taxi procedures, including rotor blade management and the effect of wind during taxiing.

2. Performs a brake check immediately after the gyroplane begins moving.

6. Conducts proper rotor blade management.

7. Properly positions the gyroplane for run-up considering other aircraft, surface conditions, and if applicable, existing wind conditions.

E. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items and how to detect malfunctions.

2. Positions the gyroplane properly considering other aircraft, surface conditions, and if applicable, existing wind conditions.

3. Divides attention inside and outside the flight deck.

4. Accomplishes the before takeoff checklist and ensures that the gyroplane is in safe operating condition.

5. Reviews takeoff performance airspeeds and expected takeoff distance.

8. Utilizes proper rotor spin-up procedure.

9. Completes the appropriate checklist.

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT OPERATIONS

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested orally for procedures ONLY. REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio communications at airports without operating control towers.

2. Selects appropriate communication frequencies.

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology.

4. Acknowledges radio communications.

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-66; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns and shall include procedures at airports with CTAF, prevention of runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, and wind shear.

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures.

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft.

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track.

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use.

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable.

C. TASK: AIRPORT RUNWAY MARKINGS AND LIGHTING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport runway and taxiway operations with emphasis on runway incursion avoidance.

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport runway and taxiway signs, markings and lighting.

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select all TASKs.

A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

NOTE: If a calm wind weather condition exists, the applicant’s knowledge of the crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing; otherwise, a crosswind takeoff and climb shall be demonstrated. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff and climb, including factors affecting performance.

2. Considering other traffic and wind conditions, determines where to pre-rotate rotor blades to the appropriate RPM.

3. Maintains proper directional control during acceleration on the surface and manages rotor RPM.

5. Accelerates to appropriate climb airspeed, ±5 knots.

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then sets power, as appropriate.

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH AND LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

NOTE: If a calm wind weather condition exists, the applicant’s knowledge of the crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing; otherwise, a crosswind approach and landing shall be demonstrated. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind approach and landing.

4. Establishes and maintains a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed with gust correction factor applied, ±5 knots.

5. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind correction, as necessary.

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing sequence.

C. TASK: SOFT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND CLIMB

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field takeoff and climb including, factors affecting performance.

2. Considering other traffic and wind conditions, determines where to pre-rotate rotor blades to the appropriate RPM.

3. Maintains proper directional control during acceleration on the surface and manages rotor RPM.

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then sets power, as appropriate.

D. TASK: SOFT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field approach and landing.

4. Establishes and maintains a stabilized approach at the recommended airspeed, with gust correction factor applied, ±5 knots.

5. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind correction, as necessary.

8. Maintains sufficient speed to taxi on soft surface.

E. TASK: GO-AROUND/REJECTED LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a go-around and when it is necessary.

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS

A. TASK: STEEP TURNS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns.

2. Selects an altitude that will allow the TASK to be performed no lower than 600 feet AGL.

4. Rolls into a coordinated 360° turn; maintains a 30° bank, ±5°; and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°.

5. Performs the task in the opposite direction, as specified by the evaluator.

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

NOTE: The evaluator shall select at least one ground reference maneuver. NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least one ground reference maneuver.

A. TASK: RECTANGULAR COURSE

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a rectangular course.

4. Establishes and maintains a proper ground track with crosswind correction, as necessary, around a rectangular course.

5. Divides attention between gyroplane control and orientation.

B. TASK: S-TURNS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to S-turns.

2. Selects an appropriate reference line based on wind direction and emergency landing areas.

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius turn on each side of the selected reference line.

5. Reverses the direction of turn directly over the selected reference line.

C. TASK: TURNS AROUND A POINT

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns around a point.

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius turn around the selected reference point.

5. Divides attention between gyroplane control, orientation, and clearing of other aircraft.

7. Maintains the entry altitude throughout the maneuver, ±100 feet and airspeed, ±10 knots.

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION

A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-25.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to pilotage and dead reckoning, as appropriate.

3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart symbols.

B. TASK: DIVERSION

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25, AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to diversion.

2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport or landing area and route.

C. TASK: LOST PROCEDURES

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to lost procedures.

3. Maintains an appropriate heading and climbs if necessary.

4. Identifies prominent landmarks.

5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and/or contacts an ATC facility for assistance, as appropriate.

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

A. TASK: STRAIGHT-AND-LEVEL, TURNS, CLIMBS, AND DESCENTS AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flight characteristics and controllability associated with maneuvering during slow airspeed.

2. Selects an altitude that will allow the TASK to be performed no lower than 600 feet AGL.

4. Divides attention between gyroplane control and orientation.

5. Maintains the specified altitude, ±100 feet; specified heading ±10°; and specified airspeed ±5 knots.

B. TASK: HIGH RATES OF DESCENT AND RECOVERY

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge by explaining the aerodynamic factors and flight situations that may result in high rates of descent and the procedures used for recovery.

2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the recoveries to be completed no lower than 600 feet AGL.

3. Establishes a high rate of descent at a minimum airspeed with power below cruise setting.

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select TASKs A and B.

A. TASK: EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the emergency approach and landing with a power failure.

2. Establishes and maintains the appropriate airspeed, ±5 knots.

3. Selects a suitable landing area, considering the possibility of an actual forced landing.

5. Attempts to determine the reason for the simulated malfunction, if time permits.

B. TASK: POWER-OFF APPROACH AND ACCURACY LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performing a power-off approach and accuracy landing.

2. Selects a reference point in the landing area for touchdown and reduces power to a zero-thrust position.

3. Adjusts glide path to terminate approach and touch down beyond and within 300 feet of the reference point.

C. TASK: SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to causes, indications, and pilot actions for various systems and equipment malfunctions.

2. Analyzes the situation and takes action, appropriate to the gyroplane used for the practical test, in at least three (3) of the following areas, if applicable— a. Engine/oil and fuel.

b. Electrical.

c. Carburetor or induction icing.

d. Smoke and/or fire.

e. Flight control/trim.

f. Pitot static/vacuum and associated flight instruments.

g. Rotor and/or propeller.

h. Ballistic recovery system malfunction, if applicable.

i. Any other emergency unique to the gyroplane flown.

D. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR

REFERENCE: Gyroplane Flight Manual.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following environmental conditions:

2. Large bodies of water.

3. Desert conditions.

4. Extreme temperature changes.

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select TASK A.

A. TASK: AFTER LANDING, PARKING, AND SECURING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after landing, taxi, parking, and securing procedures.

2. Maintains directional control after touchdown while decelerating to an appropriate airspeed.

7. Completes the appropriate checklist.

8. Conducts a post flight inspection and secures the aircraft.

Section 3 Sport Pilot Glider

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist

Appointment with Evaluator

Evaluator’s Name ___

Location ___

Date/Time ___

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

Airworthiness Certificate

Registration Certificate

Operating Limitations

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

AERO TOW

SELF-LAUNCH

LANDINGS

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

VII. NAVIGATION

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; Glider Flight Manual/POH/FAA Operating Limitations.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by:

1. Explaining— a. Certificate privileges, limitations, and currency experience requirements.

c. Pilot logbook or flight records.

2. Locating and explaining— a. Airworthiness and registration certificates.

b. Operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, Glider Flight Manual/POH, and flight training supplement.

c. Weight and balance data and/or equipment list, as applicable.

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating Limitations. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airworthiness requirements by:

1. Explaining— a. Required instruments and equipment for sport pilot privileges.

2. Explaining— a. Airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to the aircraft brought for flight test).

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 61-134; FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time weather information appropriate to the specific category/class aircraft by consulting the weather reports, charts, and forecasts from aeronautical weather reporting sources.

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available weather information.

D. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 73, 91; Aeronautical Navigation Charts; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining:

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of airspace:

b. Class C.

c. Class D.

d. Class E.

e. Class G.

2. Special use and other airspace areas.

3. TFRs.

E. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems on the glider provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following systems, appropriate to the aircraft, if applicable:

1. Magnetic compass.

2. Yaw string or inclinometer.

3. Airspeed indicator and altimeter.

4. Variometer and total energy compensators.

5. Gyroscopic instruments.

6. Electrical.

7. Landing gear and brakes.

8. Avionics.

9. High-lift and drag devices.

F. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining:

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.

2. The symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective actions of at least three (3) of the following— a. Hypoxia.

b. Hyperventilation.

c. Middle ear and sinus problems.

d. Spatial disorientation.

e. Motion sickness.

f. Carbon monoxide poisoning.

g. Stress and fatigue.

h. Dehydration.

i. Hypothermia.

G. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations, including the use of charts, tables, data to determine performance, and the adverse effects exceeding limitations.

3. Determines if weight and center of gravity will remain within limits during all phases of flight.

6. Explains the applicable performance airspeeds and their uses.

H. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to principles of flight by describing:

1. Forces acting on a glider in various flight maneuvers.

2. Glider and airfoil design characteristics.

3. Glider stability and controllability.

4. The three axes of rotation and stability about those axes.

5. Lift/drag relationship.

6. Angle of attack, stalls and stall recovery, including flight situations in which unintentional stalls and spins may occur.

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs A, B, C, and E.

A. TASK: ASSEMBLY

NOTE: If, in the judgment of the evaluator, the demonstration of the glider assembly is impractical, competency may be determined by oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to assembly procedures.

4. Uses proper tools.

5. Handles components properly.

6. Cleans and lubricates parts, as appropriate.

7. Accounts for all tools and parts at the completion of assembly.

B. TASK: GROUND HANDLING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground handling procedures.

4. Handles the glider in a manner that will not result in damage during movement.

C. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to preflight inspection, including which items must be inspected, for what reasons, and how to detect possible defects.

3. Verifies the glider is in condition for safe flight, notes any discrepancies, and determines if maintenance is required.

4. Inspects the launch equipment, including towline, tow hitches, weak links, and release mechanism.

D. TASK: FLIGHT DECK MANAGEMENT

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; Glider Flight Manual/POH. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flightdeck management procedures.

E. TASK: VISUAL SIGNALS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerotow or ground tow visual signals, as appropriate.

2. Uses, interprets, and responds to pre-launch, launch, airborne, and emergency signals, as appropriate.

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested orally for procedures ONLY. REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio communications.

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology.

4. Acknowledges radio communications.

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-66; AIM. Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns and shall include procedures at nontowered airports, prevention of runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, and wind shear.

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures.

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft.

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track.

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use.

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable.

C. TASK: AIRPORT RUNWAY MARKINGS AND LIGHTING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport/ gliderport base, runway and taxiway operations with emphasis on runway incursion avoidance.

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport/gliderport base, runway and taxiway signs, markings and lighting.

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS

NOTE: Evaluator shall select at least two takeoff and landings TASKs based on the applicants selection of tow type.

AERO TOW

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs A, B, C, and F.

A. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items, and how to detect malfunctions.

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including signals, speeds, wind, and emergency procedures.

3. Ensures that the glider is in safe operating condition.

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted.

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff.

6. Completes the appropriate checklist.

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff, including configurations and tow positions.

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff.

3. Lifts off at an appropriate airspeed.

4. Maintains proper alignment with the towplane throughout the takeoff.

C. TASK: MAINTAINING TOW POSITIONS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to high-tow (slightly above the wake) and low-tow (slightly below the wake) positions during various phases of aerotow.

3. Transitions from high- to low-tow position through the wake while maintaining positive control.

D. TASK: SLACK LINE

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the causes, hazards, and corrections related to slack line.

2. Recognizes slack line and applies immediate, positive, and smooth corrective action to eliminate slack line in various situations.

E. TASK: BOXING THE WAKE

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to boxing the wake (maneuvering around the wake).

3. Maintains proper control and coordination.

F. TASK: TOW RELEASE

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to tow release, including related safety factors.

3. Clears the area before releasing the towline.

4. Releases the towline and confirms release by observing the towline.

G. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerotow abnormal occurrences, for various situations, such as— a. Towplane power loss during takeoff.

b. Towline break.

c. Towplane power failure at altitude.

d. Glider release failure.

e. Glider and towplane release failure.

2. Demonstrates simulated aerotow abnormal occurrences as required by the evaluator.

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH)

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs H and I.

H. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items, and how to detect malfunctions.

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including signals, speeds, wind direction, and emergency procedures.

3. Ensures the glider is in safe operating condition.

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted.

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff.

6. Completes the prescribed checklist, if applicable.

I. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff, including related safety factors.

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff.

3. Maintains directional control during launch.

4. Lifts off at the proper airspeed.

5. Establishes proper initial climb pitch attitude.

6. Takes prompt action to correct high airspeed, low airspeed, or porpoising.

8. Releases in proper manner and confirms release.

J. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground tow abnormal occurrences for various situations, such as— a. overrunning the towline.

b. towline break.

c. inability to release towline.

d. over- and underspeeding.

e. porpoising.

2. Demonstrates simulated ground tow abnormal occurrences, as required by the evaluator.

SELF-LAUNCH

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select at least TASKs K, L, M, and N.

K. TASK: ENGINE STARTING

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine starting, including various atmospheric conditions and awareness of other persons and property during start.

3. Completes the appropriate checklist.

L. TASK: TAXIING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to taxiing, including the effect of wind during taxiing and appropriate control positions.

2. Performs a brake check immediately after the glider begins moving.

6. Complies with signals.

M. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff check, including the reason for checking each item and to detect malfunctions.

2. Positions the glider properly, considering other aircraft, wind, and surface conditions.

N. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind takeoff and climb.

3. Clears the area, taxis into takeoff position, and aligns the glider for departure.

5. Lifts off at recommended airspeed, and accelerates to appropriate climb speed, +10/−5 knots.

O. TASK: ENGINE SHUTDOWN IN FLIGHT

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine shutdown procedures in flight.

3. Establishes appropriate airspeed.

4. Sets electrical equipment.

5. Shuts down the engine.

6. Feathers or positions propeller and stows, as applicable.

7. Selects proper static source, if applicable.

8. Completes appropriate checklists.

P. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to self-launch abnormal occurrences for various situations, such as— a. Partial, complete power failure, and failure to gain a restart.

c. Electrical system malfunction.

d. Low fuel pressure.

e. Low oil pressure.

f. Engine overheat.

g. Canopy opening in flight.

h. Engine restart in flight.

2. Demonstrates simulated self-launch abnormal occurrences, as required by the evaluator.

LANDINGS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select all TASKs.

Q. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND LANDING

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and crosswind approach and landing procedures.

2. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate.

3. Maintains recommended approach airspeed, +10/-5 knots.

4. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing.

7. Maintains control during the after-landing roll.

R. TASK: SLIPS TO LANDING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to forward, side, and turning slips to landing, with and without the use of drag devices.

2. Recognizes the situation where a slip should be used to land in a desired area.

4. Maintains the desired ground track.

5. Maintains a proper approach attitude.

6. Makes smooth, proper, and positive control applications during recovery from the slip.

S. TASK: DOWNWIND LANDING

NOTE: This TASK may be evaluated orally at the discretion of the evaluator. REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13, Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to downwind landings, including safety-related factors.

3. Maintains selected approach airspeed, ±5 knots.

4. Uses proper downwind landing procedures.

5. Maintains proper directional control during touchdown and rollout.

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE AIRSPEEDS

A. TASK: STRAIGHT GLIDES

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to straight glides, including the relationship of pitch attitude and airspeed.

2. Tracks toward a prominent landmark at a specified airspeed.

3. Demonstrates the effect of flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, if equipped, in relation to pitch attitude and airspeed.

4. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control and planning.

5. Maintains the specified heading, ±10°, and the specified airspeed, ±10 knots.

B. TASK: TURNS TO HEADINGS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns to headings, including the relationship of pitch attitude, bank angle, and airspeed.

2. Enters and maintains an appropriate rate of turn with smooth, proper, and coordinated control applications.

3. Maintains the desired airspeed, ±10 knots, and rolls out on the specified heading, ±10°.

C. TASK: STEEP TURNS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns, including load factor, effect on stall speed, and overbanking tendency.

2. Establishes the recommended entry airspeed.

3. Enters a turn maintaining a bank angle of 45°/±5°, with smooth and coordinated control applications.

4. Maintains desired airspeed, ±10 knots.

5. Recovers with smooth and coordinated control application within 10° of the desired heading.

D. TASK: MINIMUM SINK AIRSPEED

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerodynamic factors and use of minimum sink airspeed.

2. Determines the minimum sink airspeed for a given situation and maintains the selected airspeed, ±5 knots.

E. TASK: SPEED-TO-FLY

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to speed-to-fly and its uses.

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: SOARING TECHNIQUES

NOTE: Due to varying geographical locations and atmospheric conditions, the applicant may be asked to demonstrate at least one of the following soaring TASKs most appropriate for the particular location and existing conditions. If conditions do not permit a demonstration of soaring skills, applicants will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of the various types of soaring through oral testing.

A. TASK: THERMAL SOARING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to thermal soaring.

2. Recognizes the indications of, and the presence of, a thermal.

3. Analyzes the thermal structure and determines the direction to turn to remain within the thermal.

5. Applies correct techniques to re-enter the thermal if lift is lost.

B. TASK: RIDGE AND SLOPE SOARING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ridge and slope soaring.

4. Estimates height and maintains a safe distance from the terrain.

9. Maintains proper airspeeds.

C. TASK: WAVE SOARING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to wave soaring.

2. Locates and enters the area of lift.

3. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control and planning to remain within the area of lift.

7. Maintains proper airspeeds.

8. Coordinates with ATC, as appropriate.

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION

NOTE: The applicant’s knowledge of this AREA OF OPERATION will be evaluated through oral testing.

A. TASK: FLIGHT PREPARATION AND PLANNING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flight preparations and planning.

4. Constructs a flight profile to determine the minimum flight altitude at go-ahead points.

7. Describes coordination procedures with air traffic control, as appropriate.

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS

A. TASK: MANEUVERING AT MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering at minimum control airspeed, including flight characteristics and controllability.

2. Establishes and maintains the airspeed at which any further increase in angle of attack or change in configurations would result in a stall in straight or turning flight in various configurations and bank angles.

3. Adjusts the airspeed to avoid stalls in turbulent air or as the bank is increased.

5. Uses proper procedures to avoid stalls when raising a lowered wing.

B. TASK: STALL RECOGNITION AND RECOVERY

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to stall recognition and recovery, including the aerodynamic factors and flight situations that may result in stalls, and the hazards of stalling during uncoordinated flight.

2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet AGL.

3. Establishes and maintains a pitch attitude that will result in a stall during both straight and turning flight with and without flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate.

6. Uses smooth and coordinated control applications throughout the maneuver.

C. TASK: SPIN AWARENESS (Oral Only)

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to spin awareness by explaining:

1. Aerodynamic factors related to spins.

2. Flight situations where unintentional spins may occur.

3. Procedures for recovery from unintentional spins.

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

A. TASK: SIMULATED OFF-AIRPORT LANDING

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a simulated off-airport landing, including the selection of a suitable landing area and the procedures used to accomplish an off-airport landing.

B. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally.

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following environmental conditions:

1. Mountain terrain.

2. Large bodies of water.

3. Desert conditions.

4. Extreme temperature changes.

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the evaluator shall select TASK A.

A. TASK: AFTER-LANDING AND SECURING

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant:

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after-landing and securing procedures, including local operations, ramp safety, parking hand signals, shutdown (if appropriate), securing, and postflight inspection.

2. Selects a suitable parking area while considering wind and the safety of nearby persons and property.

3. Taxis to the parking area and perform engine shutdown, if applicable.

5. Secures the glider properly.

6. Performs a satisfactory postflight inspection.

7. Completes the appropriate checklist.

Section 4 Flight Instructors with a Sport Pilot Rating

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist

Appointment with Evaluator

Evaluator’s Name

Location

Date/Time

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

PERSONAL RECORDS

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Airplane

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The evaluator must select TASK F and one other TASK.

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS Note: The evaluator must select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BEPERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The evaluator must select at least one maneuver TASK.

Notes listed under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases, the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are identified.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Airplane (continued)

SEE SECTION 1 OF THE PTS

AREAS OF OPERATION

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

Note: The evaluator must select two TASKs.

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES Note: The evaluator must select TASK A and one other TASK.

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Airplane (continued)

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

Note: The evaluator must select one takeoff and one landing TASK in addition to TASKs K and L.

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

VI. GROUND REFERENCE SPEEDS

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

VII. NAVIGATION

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Airplane (continued)

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS

Note: The evaluator must select TASKs A and D and one other TASK.

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS Note: The evaluator must select TASKs A and B.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Gyroplane

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The evaluator must select TASK F and one other TASK.

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS Note: The evaluator must select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The evaluator must select at least one maneuver TASK.

Notes listed under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are identified.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Gyroplane (continued)

SEE SECTION 2 OF THE PTS AREAS OF OPERATION

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

Note: The evaluator must select TASKs F and I.

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES Note: The evaluator must select TASK A and one other TASK.

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS

Note: The evaluator must select TASK C.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Gyroplane (continued)

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS

Note: The evaluator must select TASK A.

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

VII. NAVIGATION

Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

Note: The evaluator must select TASK B.

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS Note: The evaluator must select TASKs A and B.

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

Note: The evaluator must select TASK A.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist

Flight Instructor Gyroplane

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The instructor may select any of the below listed FOI TASKs for a proficiency check. However, these TASKs are not required on a proficiency check.

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS Note: The instructor must select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The instructor must select at least one maneuver TASK.

Notes listed under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases, the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are identified.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist Flight Instructor Gyroplane (continued) SEE SECTION 2 OF THE PTS AREAS OF OPERATION I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION Note: The instructor must select TASKs F and I.

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES Note: The instructor must select TASK A and one other TASK.

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS Note: The instructor must select TASK C.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist

Flight Instructor Gyroplane (continued)

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

Note: The instructor must select two Takeoff and two Landing TASKs.

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS

Note: The instructor must select TASK A.

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

Note: The instructor must select one TASK.

VII. NAVIGATION

Note: The instructor must select one TASK.

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

Note: The instructor must select TASK B.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist Flight Instructor Gyroplane (continued) IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS Note: The instructor must select TASKs A and B.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist

Flight Instructor Glider

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The instructor may select any of the below listed FOI TASKs for a proficiency check. However, these TASKs are not required on a proficiency check.

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS Note: The instructor must select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The instructor must select at least one maneuver TASK.

Notes listed under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases, the specific TASK is identified; in other cases, a minimum number of TASKs are identified.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist

Flight Instructor—Glider (continued)

SEE SECTION 3 OF THE PTS AREAS OF OPERATION

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

Note: The instructor must select TASKs E and H.

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

Note: The instructor must select TASK A.

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS

Note: The instructor must select TASK C.

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS Note: The instructor must select one landing TASK and one other TASK based on the applicant’s qualifications.

AERO TOW

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist Flight Instructor Glider (continued) GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH)

SELF-LAUNCH

LANDINGS

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

VII. NAVIGATION Note: The instructor must select TASK A.

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist Flight Instructor Glider (continued) IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS Note: The instructor must select TASK A.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Glider

Applicant’s Name

Location

Date/Time

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The evaluator must select TASK F and one other TASK.

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS Note: The evaluator must select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The evaluator must select at least one maneuver TASK.

Notes listed under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases, the specific TASK is identified; in other cases, a minimum number of TASKs are identified.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist Flight Instructor Glider (continued) SEE SECTION 3 OF THE PTS AREAS OF OPERATION I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION Note: The evaluator must select two TASKs.

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES Note: The evaluator must select one TASK.

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist

Flight Instructor Glider (continued)

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS

Note: The evaluator must select one landing TASK and one other TASK based on the applicant’s qualifications.

AERO TOW

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH)

SELF-LAUNCH

LANDINGS

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS

Evaluator’s Practical Test Checklist Flight Instructor Glider (continued) VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

VII. NAVIGATION Note: The evaluator must select TASK A.

Flight Instructor Certificate with Sport Pilot Privileges

Flight Instructor Practical Test Section Description

This section provides guidance and procedures for obtaining a Flight Instructor Certificate with a sport pilot rating and for adding privileges to an existing Flight Instructor Certificate at the sport pilot level. Information provided in the Introduction of this practical test standard also applies to this section. The evaluator or authorized instructor determines that the applicant meets the TASK Objective through the demonstration of competency in all elements of knowledge and/or skill unless otherwise noted. The Objectives of TASKs in certain AREAS OF OPERATION, such as Fundamentals of Instructing and Technical Subjects, include only knowledge elements. Objectives of TASKs in AREAS OF OPERATION that include elements of skill, as well as knowledge, also include common errors, which the applicant shall be able to describe, recognize, analyze, and correct.

Throughout this PTS, the following titles: ASI, pilot examiner (other than administrative pilot examiners), TCE, chief instructor, assistant chief instructor, check instructor of pilot school holding examining authority, or authorized instructor (if applicable; e.g., proficiency check) will be referred to as an evaluator. At the flight instructor level, the Objective of a TASK that involves pilot skill consists of four parts. The four parts include the determination that the applicant exhibits:

1. instructional knowledge of the elements of a TASK. This is accomplished through descriptions, explanations, and simulated instruction.

2. instructional knowledge of common errors related to a TASK, including their recognition, analysis, and correction.

3. the ability to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in the standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances.

4. the ability to analyze and correct common errors related to a TASK.

Use of the Flight Instructor Section

The FAA requires that all flight instructor practical tests and proficiency checks be conducted in accordance with the practical test standards. The flight instructor applicant must be prepared to demonstrate the ability to instruct effectively in ALL TASKs included in the AREAS OF OPERATION appropriate to the category/class, unless otherwise noted.

For the purposes of this flight instructor section, a proficiency check is an evaluation of aeronautical knowledge and flight proficiency in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.419. A proficiency check shall be administered using the appropriate PTS for the category of aircraft when a flight instructor adds new category/class privileges (not applicable for airplane privileges). Upon successful completion of the proficiency check, the authorized instructor will endorse the applicant’s logbook, indicating the added category/class of equipment that the applicant is authorized to operate (not applicable for airplane privileges). When an evaluator conducts a proficiency check, they are acting in the capacity of an authorized instructor.

All of the procedures and maneuvers to be tested are included in the sport pilot practical test standards. The flight instructor section contains the AREAS OF OPERATION that are generic to all flight instructor evaluations. Flight instructors must also be tested on TASKS located in the appropriate category/class section of the PTS. Those TASKs are listed in the instructor's proficiency check checklist (not applicable for airplane privileges) and the evaluator's practical test checklist. The mandatory TASKs are identified by a note located in each area of operation. In some cases, specific TASKs are identified. In other cases, the evaluator /instructor selects one or more TASKs in an area of operation for evaluation. This allows for the practical test for initial certification and additional privileges to be completed within a reasonable time frame.

The term “instructional knowledge” means the instructor applicant is capable of using the appropriate reference to provide the "application or correlative level of knowledge" of a subject matter topic, procedure, or maneuver. It also means that the flight instructor applicant’s discussions, explanations, and descriptions should follow the recommended teaching procedures and techniques explained in FAA-H-8083-9, Aviation Instructor’s Handbook.

In preparation for the practical test or proficiency check, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall develop a written “plan of action.” The “plan of action” for an initial certification test shall include the required TASKs and one or more TASKs in the Fundamentals of Instruction, Technical Subject Area, and the Preflight Lesson on a Maneuver to be Performed in Flight AREAS OF OPERATION. Additionally, the evaluator shall test the required TASK(s) listed in the evaluator’s practical test checklist for the appropriate category. The “plan of action” shall always include the required TASKs noted in each AREA OF OPERATION. Any TASK selected shall be evaluated in its entirety.

If the applicant is unable to perform a TASK listed in the “plan of action” due to circumstances beyond their control, the evaluator or authorized instructor may substitute another TASK from the applicable AREA OF OPERATION.

The “plan of action” used by an authorized instructor for a proficiency check administered for the addition of an aircraft category and/or class privilege to a Flight Instructor Certificate shall include TASKs required in the AREAS OF OPERATION as indicated in the instructor’s proficiency check checklist in this section. With the exception of the required TASKs, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall not tell the applicant in advance which TASKs will be included in the “plan of action.” The applicant shall be prepared in ALL knowledge and skill areas included in the standards. Throughout the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s ability to simultaneously demonstrate and explain procedures and maneuvers, and to give flight instruction to learners at various stages of flight training and levels of experience. The evaluator or authorized instructor is expected to use good judgment in the performance of simulated emergency procedures. The evaluator or authorized instructor shall not simulate any condition that may jeopardize safe flight or result in possible damage to the aircraft. The use of the safest means for simulation is expected. Consideration must be given to local conditions, both meteorological and topographical, at the time of the test, as well as the applicant’s workload and the condition of the aircraft used. If the procedure being evaluated would jeopardize safety, it is expected that the applicant will simulate that portion of the maneuver.

Special Emphasis Areas

Evaluators or authorized instructors shall place special emphasis upon areas of aircraft operations considered critical to flight safety. Among these are:

1. positive aircraft control;

2. procedures for positive exchange of flight controls (who is flying the aircraft);

4. collision avoidance;

5. wake turbulence and low level windshear avoidance;

6. runway incursion avoidance;

7. CFIT;

8. ADM and risk management;

9. checklist usage;

10. spatial disorientation;

11. TFR;

12. SRM and CRM;

13. wire strike avoidance;

14. SUA;

15. LAHSO;

16. aviation security; and 17. other areas deemed appropriate to any phase of the practical test or proficiency check. The evaluator or authorized instructor shall place special emphasis on the applicant’s demonstrated ability to teach precise aircraft control and sound judgment in aeronautical decision-making/risk management. Evaluation of the applicant’s ability to teach judgment shall be accomplished by asking the applicant to describe the presentation of practical problems that would be used in instructing learners in the exercise of sound judgment. The evaluator or authorized instructor shall also emphasize the evaluation of the applicant’s demonstrated ability to teach the special emphasis areas. Although these areas may not be specifically addressed under each TASK, they are essential to flight safety and will be evaluated during the practical test. In all instances, the applicant’s actions will be evaluated in accordance with the standards of the TASKs and the ability to use good judgment, reference the special emphasis areas listed above.

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Initial

14 CFR part 61, sections 61.39 and 61.403, provides for practical test and certification prerequisites. Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional Privileges A certificated flight instructor seeking privileges to provide flight training in an additional category/class of aircraft (not applicable for airplane privileges) must comply with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.419.

Evaluator Responsibility

The evaluator conducting the practical test or the authorized instructor conducting the proficiency check is responsible for determining that the applicant meets acceptable standards of teaching ability, knowledge, and skill in the selected TASKs. The evaluator or authorized instructor makes this determination when the applicant has successfully accomplished an Objective that is appropriate to each selected TASK, and includes an evaluation of the applicant’s:

1. ability to apply the fundamentals of instructing;

2. knowledge of, and ability to teach, the subject matter, procedures, and maneuvers covered in the TASKs;

3. ability to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in the standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances; and 4. ability to describe, recognize, analyze, and correct common errors related to the skill procedures and maneuvers covered in the TASKs.

Oral questioning is intended to be used at any time during the ground or flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check to determine that the applicant can instruct effectively and has a comprehensive knowledge of the TASKs and their related safety factors.

During the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, the evaluator or authorized instructor shall act as a learner during selected maneuvers. This will give the evaluator or authorized instructor an opportunity to evaluate the flight instructor applicant’s ability to analyze and correct simulated common errors related to these maneuvers. The evaluator or authorized instructor will place special emphasis on the applicant’s use of visual scanning and collision avoidance procedures, and the applicant’s ability to teach those procedures.

Evaluators or authorized instructors should test the applicant’s application and correlation skills to the greatest extent possible. Scenario-based questions should be used when possible during the practical test or proficiency check.

If the evaluator or authorized instructor determines that a TASK is incomplete or the outcome is uncertain, the evaluator or authorized instructor may require the applicant to repeat that TASK, or portions of that TASK. This provision has been made in the interest of fairness and does not mean that instruction, practice, or the repeating of an unsatisfactory TASK is permitted during the certification process. When practical, the remaining TASKs of the practical test or proficiency check phase should be completed before repeating the questionable TASK.

Flight Instructor Responsibility

An appropriately rated flight instructor is responsible for training the flight instructor applicant to acceptable standards in ALL subject matter areas, procedures, and maneuvers included in the TASKs within each AREA OF OPERATION in the appropriate category/class in this practical test standard. In addition, the rated flight instructor is required to prepare the flight instructor applicant in all TASKs in the AREAS OF OPERATION listed in section 4.

Because of the impact of their teaching activities in developing safe, proficient pilots, flight instructors should exhibit a high level of knowledge, skill, and the ability to impart that knowledge and skill to learners. The flight instructor must certify that the applicant is:

1. able to make a practical application of the fundamentals of instructing;

Throughout the flight instructor applicant’s training, the flight instructor is responsible for emphasizing the performance of and the ability to teach effective visual scanning, runway incursion avoidance, and collision avoidance procedures. The flight instructor applicant should develop and use scenario-based teaching methods, particularly in special emphasis areas. These areas are covered in AC 90-48, Pilot's Role in Collision Avoidance; FAA-H-8083-3, Airplane Flying Handbook; FAA- H-8083-11, Balloon Flying Handbook; FAA-H-8083-13, Glider Flying Handbook; FAA-H-8083-21, Rotorcraft Flying Handbook; FAA-H-8083-23, Seaplane, Skiplane and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter Handbook; FAA-H- 8083-25, Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge; and the current Aeronautical Information Manual. Initial Flight Instructor Certification Practical Test—Satisfactory Performance An applicant who seeks initial flight instructor certification will be evaluated in all AREAS OF OPERATION of the standards appropriate to the category/class rating(s) sought. The evaluator shall refer to the evaluator’s practical test checklist, for the appropriate category, located in this section, to determine the TASKs to be tested, in each AREA OF OPERATION. 14 CFR part 61, section 61.43(a), describes the satisfactory completion of the practical test for a certificate or rating.

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Practical Test—Unsatisfactory Performance If, in the judgment of the evaluator, the applicant does not meet the standards of performance of any TASK performed, the applicable AREA OF OPERATION is considered unsatisfactory and therefore, the practical test is failed. 14 CFR part 61, section 61.43(c) – (f) provides additional unsatisfactory performance requirements and parameters. The evaluator or applicant may discontinue the test at any time when the failure of an AREA OF OPERATION makes the applicant ineligible for the certificate sought. The test will be continued only with the consent of the applicant. If the test is discontinued, the applicant is entitled to credit for only those AREAS OF OPERATION and their associated TASKs satisfactorily performed. However, during the retest and at the discretion of the evaluator, any TASK, including those previously considered satisfactory, may be re-evaluated. Typical reasons for disqualification are:

1. failure to perform a procedure or maneuver at a more precise level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances while giving effective flight instruction;

2. failure to provide an effective instructional explanation while demonstrating a procedure or maneuver (explanation during the demonstration must be clear, concise, technically accurate, and complete with no prompting from the evaluator);

3. any action or lack of action by the applicant that requires corrective intervention by the evaluator to maintain safe flight; or 4. failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing maneuvers.

When a Disapproval Notice is issued, the evaluator shall record the applicant’s unsatisfactory performance in terms of AREA(s) OF OPERATION and specific TASK(s) not meeting the standard appropriate to the practical test conducted. If the applicant fails the practical test because of a special emphasis area, the Notice of Disapproval shall indicate the associated TASK. An example would be: AREA OF OPERATION III, Traffic Patterns, failure to teach proper collision avoidance procedures. Proficiency Check—Satisfactory Performance When Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege (not applicable for airplane privileges) The authorized instructor shall refer to the instructor’s proficiency check checklist, for the appropriate category, located in this section, to determine the TASKs to be tested, in each AREA OF OPERATION. The proficiency check is passed if, in the judgment of the authorized instructor, the applicant demonstrates satisfactory performance with regard to the required tasks in the required Areas of Operation.

When an applicant is adding a category/class privileges to their Flight Instructor Certificate, the evaluating authorized instructor shall, upon successful completion of the proficiency check, endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating that the applicant is qualified to instruct in an additional sport pilot category/class of aircraft. The authorized instructor shall forward FAA Form 8710-11 to Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days or submit the application through IACRA.

Proficiency Check—Unsatisfactory Performance When Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege (not applicable for airplane privileges) When the applicant’s performance does not meet the standard in the PTS, the authorized instructor conducting the proficiency check shall annotate the unsatisfactory performance on the FAA Form 8710-11 and forward it to the Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days, or submit the application through IACRA. A Notice of Disapproval will NOT be issued in this instance; rather, the applicant should be provided with a list of the AREAS OF OPERATION and the specific TASKs not meeting the standard, so that the applicant may receive additional training.

Typical reasons for disqualification are:

1. failure to perform a procedure or maneuver at a more precise level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances while giving effective flight instruction;

2. failure to provide an effective instructional explanation while demonstrating a procedure or maneuver (explanation during the demonstration must be clear, concise, technically accurate, and complete with no prompting from the authorized instructor);

3. any action or lack of action by the applicant that requires corrective intervention by the evaluator to maintain safe flight; or 4. failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing maneuvers.

When the applicant receives the additional training in the AREAS OF OPERATION and the specific TASK(s) found deficient during the proficiency check, the recommending instructor shall endorse the applicant’s logbook, indicating that the applicant has received additional instruction and has been found competent to pass the proficiency check. The applicant shall complete a new FAA Form 8710-11, and the recommending instructor shall endorse the application. The authorized instructor, other than the one who provided the additional training, shall evaluate the applicant. When the applicant successfully accomplishes a complete proficiency check (not applicable for airplane privileges), the authorized instructor shall forward the FAA Form 8710- 11 to the Civil Aviation Registry within 10 days, or submit the application through IACRA, and endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating the airman’s additional privileges.

I. AREA OF OPERATION: FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

NOTE: The evaluator shall select TASK F and one other TASK.

A. TASK: THE LEARNING PROCESS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the learning process by describing:

1. Learning theory.

2. Characteristics of learning.

3. Principles of learning.

4. Levels of learning.

5. Learning physical skills.

6. Memory.

7. Transfer of learning.

B. TASK: HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing:

1. Human behavior— a. control of human behavior.

b. human needs.

c. defense mechanisms.

d. the flight instructor as a practical psychologist.

2. Effective communication— a. basic elements of communication.

b. barriers of effective communication.

c. developing communication skills.

C. TASK: THE TEACHING PROCESS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing:

1. Preparation of a lesson for a ground or flight instructional period.

3. Application, by the learner, of the material or procedure presented.

D. TASK: TEACHING METHODS

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of teaching methods by describing:

1. Material organization.

2. The lecture method.

3. The cooperative or group learning method.

4. The guided discussion method.

5. The demonstration-performance method.

6. Computer-based training method.

E. TASK: CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of critique and evaluation by explaining:

1. Critique— a. Purpose and characteristics of an effective critique.

b. Methods and ground rules for a critique.

2. Evaluation— a. Characteristics of effective oral questions and what types to avoid.

c. Characteristics and development of effective written questions.

d. Characteristics and uses of performance tests, specifically, the FAA practical test standards.

F. TASK: FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CHARACTERISTICS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of flight instructor characteristics and responsibilities by describing:

1. Aviation instructor responsibilities in— a. Providing adequate instruction.

b. Establishing standards of performance.

c. Emphasizing the positive.

d. Develop plans of action for use during proficiency checks.

e. Completion of FAA Form 8710-11.

2. Flight instructor responsibilities in— a. Providing learner pilot evaluation and supervision.

b. Preparing practical test recommendations and endorsements.

c. Determining requirements for conducting additional training and endorsement requirements.

3. Professionalism as an instructor by— a. Explaining important personal characteristics.

b. Describing methods to minimize learner frustration.

G. TASK: PLANNING INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of planning instructional activity by describing:

1. Developing objectives and standards for a course of training.

3. Requirements for developing a training syllabus.

4. Purpose and characteristics of a lesson plan.

II. AREA OF OPERATION: TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

NOTE: The evaluator shall select TASK D and at least one other TASK.

A. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by describing:

1. How to obtain appropriate medical qualifications.

2. How to obtain a medical certificate in the event of a possible medical deficiency.

b. Hyperventilation.

c. Middle ear and sinus problems.

d. Spatial disorientation.

e. Motion sickness.

f. Carbon monoxide poisoning.

g. Fatigue and stress.

h. Dehydration.

i. Hypothermia.

4. The effects of alcohol and drugs, and their relationship to flight safety.

B. TASK: VISUAL SCANNING AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-48; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of visual scanning and collision avoidance by describing:

1. Relationship between a pilot’s physical condition and vision.

3. Vestibular and visual illusions.

4. “See and avoid” concept.

5. Proper visual scanning procedures.

6. Relationship between poor visual scanning habits and increased collision risk.

8. Importance of knowing aircraft blind spots.

9. Relationship between aircraft speed differential and collision risk.

C. TASK: FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91; 49 CFR part 830; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Flight Manual/POH; Airship Flight Manual; AIM.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the Code of Federal Regulations and publications:

1. Availability and method of revision of 14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91, and 14 CFR part 830 by describing— a. Purpose.

b. General content.

2. Availability of flight information publications, advisory circulars, practical test standards, pilot operating handbooks, and FAA-approved aircraft flight manuals by describing— a. Availability.

b. Purpose.

c. General content.

D. TASK: LOGBOOK ENTRIES AND CERTIFICATE ENDORSEMENTS

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 61; AC 61-65; FAA-H-8083-9.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to logbook entries and certificate endorsements by describing:

1. Required logbook entries for instruction given.

2. Required student pilot certificate endorsements, including appropriate logbook entries.

b. Additional pilot certification.

c. Additional aircraft category/class privileges.

d. Single-seat aircraft.

4. Required endorsement of a pilot logbook for the satisfactory completion of the required FAA flight review/proficiency check.

5. Required flight instructor records.

III. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

NOTE: Evaluator shall select at least one maneuver TASK and ask the applicant to present a preflight lesson on the selected maneuver, as the lesson would be taught to a learner.

A. TASK: MANEUVER LESSON

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/GFM/POH.

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the selected maneuver by:

1. Stating the purpose.

2. Giving an accurate, comprehensive oral description, including the elements and common errors.

4. Describing the recognition, analysis, and correction of common errors. Note: Refer to the appropriate checklist for the additional items that must be tested in sections 1, 2, or 3 of the PTS.