Flight Instructor Instrument - Powered-LiftFAA-S-ACS-28
Area of Operation II
Technical Subject Areas
5 Tasks
Task A Human Factors
References
AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25
Objective
To determine the applicant understands personal health, flight physiology, aeromedical and human factors, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Knowledge
Symptoms, recognition, causes, effects, and corrective actions associated with aeromedical and physiological issues, including:
a. Hypoxia
b. Hyperventilation
c. Middle ear and sinus problems
d. Spatial disorientation
e. Motion sickness
f. Carbon monoxide poisoning
g. Stress
h. Fatigue
i. Dehydration and nutrition
j. Hypothermia
k. Optical illusions
l. Dissolved nitrogen in the bloodstream after scuba dives
Regulations regarding use of alcohol and drugs.
Effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications.
Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) to include using Crew Resource Management (CRM) or Single- Pilot Resource Management (SRM), as appropriate.
Risk Management
Aeromedical and physiological issues.
Hazardous attitudes.
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Confirmation and expectation bias.
Skills
Associate the symptoms and effects for at least three of the conditions listed in K1a through K1l with the cause(s) and corrective action(s).
Perform self-assessment, including fitness for flight and personal minimums, for actual flight or a scenario given by the evaluator.
Task B Endorsements and Logbook Entries Related to Instrument Instruction
References
14 CFR part 61; AC 61-65; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25
Objective
To determine the applicant understands logbook entries and endorsements related to instrument flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instrument instruction.
Knowledge
Required logbook entries for instruction given.
Preparation of a recommendation for practical test to include endorsements and logbook entries.
Required endorsement of a pilot logbook for the satisfactory completion of an instrument proficiency check.
Required flight instructor records.
Flight instructor renewal and reinstatement requirements.
Risk Management
Endorsements without appropriate limitations or expiration dates.
Skills
Describe and prepare logbook entries/endorsements required for at least two of the events specified in the elements or sub-elements of K1 through K5.
Task C Aircraft Systems Related to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Operations
References
14 CFR part 91; AC 91-74; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Objective
To determine the applicant understands anti-icing or deicing systems, and other systems related to IFR flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Knowledge
The general operational characteristics and limitations of applicable anti-icing and deicing systems, including airframe, rotor, intake, fuel, and pitot-static systems.
Flight control systems.
Risk Management
Operations in icing conditions.
Limitations of anti-icing and deicing systems.
Use of automated systems in instrument conditions.
Skills
Demonstrate familiarity with anti- or de-icing procedures or information published by the manufacturer specific to the aircraft used on the practical test.
Demonstrate familiarity with the automatic flight control system (AFCS) procedures or information published by the manufacturer specific to the aircraft used on the practical test, if applicable.
Task D Aircraft Flight Instruments and Navigation Equipment
References
14 CFR part 91; AC 90-100, AC 90-105, AC 90-107, AC 91-78, AC 91.21-1; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25
Objective
To determine the applicant understands managing instruments for an IFR flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrates appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Knowledge
Operation of the aircraft’s applicable flight instrument system(s), including:
a. Pitot-static instrument system and associated instruments
b. Gyroscopic/electric/vacuum instrument system and associated instruments
c. Electrical systems, electronic flight instrument displays [primary flight display (PFD), multi- function display (MFD)], transponder and automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B)
d. Magnetic compass
Operation of the aircraft’s applicable navigation system(s), including:
a. Very high frequency (VHF) Omnidirectional Range (VOR), distance measuring equipment (DME), instrument landing system (ILS), marker beacon receiver/indicators
b. Area navigation (RNAV), global positioning system (GPS), Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), flight management system (FMS), autopilot
Use of an electronic flight bag (EFB), if used.
Risk Management
Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.
Difference between approved and non-approved navigation devices.
Common failure modes of flight and navigation instruments.
Use of an electronic flight bag.
Use of navigation databases.
Skills
Teach at least one of the elements or sub-elements listed in K1 through K3.
Operate and manage an applicant supplied electronic flight bag (EFB), if used.
Task E Regulations and Publications Related to Instrument Flight Operations
References
14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91, 95, 97; 49 CFR part 830; AIM; Chart Supplements; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Objective
To determine the applicant understands the Code of Federal Regulations and other relevant publications, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Knowledge
14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91, 95, and 97.
Advisory Circulars, INFOs, and SAFOs.
Airman Certification Standards.
Flight manuals.
Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM).
IFR Navigation Charts.
Risk Management
Use of expired charts, manuals, or publications without current updates.
Skills
Teach at least one of the elements listed in K1 through K7.