Slow Flight and Stalls

Aerodynamics associated with slow flight in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.

Inadvertent slow flight and flight with a stall warning, which could lead to loss of control.

Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Uncoordinated flight.

Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high- density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Clear the area.

Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) (ASEL, ASES) or 3,000 feet AGL (AMEL, AMES).

Establish and maintain an airspeed at which any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction in power, would result in a stall warning (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Accomplish coordinated straight-and-level flight, turns, climbs, and descents with the aircraft configured as specified by the evaluator without a stall warning (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Maintain the specified altitude, ±50 feet; specified heading, ±10°; airspeed, +5/-0 knots; and specified angle of bank, ±5°.

Aerodynamics associated with stalls in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.

Stall characteristics as they relate to airplane design, and recognition impending stall and full stall indications using sight, sound, or feel.

Factors and situations that can lead to a power-off stall and actions that can be taken to prevent it.

Fundamentals of stall recovery.

Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent power-off stall, spin, and loss of control.

Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Stall warning(s) during normal operations.

Stall recovery procedure.

Secondary stalls, accelerated stalls, and cross-control stalls.

Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to power-off stalls (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Clear the area.

Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) (ASEL, ASES) or 3,000 feet AGL (AMEL, AMES).

Configure the airplane in the approach or landing configuration, as specified by the evaluator, and maintain coordinated flight throughout the maneuver.

Establish a stabilized descent.

Transition smoothly from the approach or landing attitude to a pitch attitude that induces a stall.

Maintain a specified heading, ±10° if in straight flight; maintain a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±5° if in turning flight, until an impending or full stall occurs, as specified by the evaluator.

Acknowledge the cues at the first indication of a stall (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Recover at the first indication of a stall or after a full stall has occurred, as specified by the evaluator.

Configure the airplane as recommended by the manufacturer, and accelerate to best angle of climb speed (VX) or best rate of climb speed (VY).

Return to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the evaluator.

Aerodynamics associated with stalls in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.

Stall characteristics as they relate to airplane design, and recognition impending stall and full stall indications using sight, sound, or feel.

Factors and situations that can lead to a power-on stall and actions that can be taken to prevent it.

Fundamentals of stall recovery.

Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent power-on stall, spin, and loss of control.

Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Stall warning(s) during normal operations.

Stall recovery procedure.

Secondary stalls, accelerated stalls, elevator trim stalls, and cross-control stalls.

Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to power-on stalls (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Clear the area.

Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) (ASEL, ASES) or 3,000 feet AGL (AMEL, AMES).

Establish the takeoff, departure, or cruise configuration, as specified by the evaluator, and maintain coordinated flight throughout the maneuver.

Set power to no less than 65 percent power.

Transition smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to the pitch attitude that induces a stall.

Maintain a specified heading ±10° if in straight flight; maintain a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10° if in turning flight, until an impending or full stall is reached, as specified by the evaluator.

Acknowledge the cues at the first indication of a stall (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Recover at the first indication of a stall or after a full stall has occurred, as specified by the evaluator.

Configure the airplane as recommended by the manufacturer, and accelerate to best angle of climb speed (VX) or best rate of climb speed (VY).

Return to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the evaluator.

Aerodynamics associated with accelerated stalls in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.

Stall characteristics as they relate to airplane design, and recognition impending stall and full stall indications using sight, sound, or feel.

Factors leading to an accelerated stall and preventive actions.

Fundamentals of stall recovery.

Factors and situations that could lead to an inadvertent accelerated stall, spin, and loss of control.

Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Stall warning(s) during normal operations.

Stall recovery procedure.

Secondary stalls, cross-control stalls, and spins.

Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to accelerated stalls (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Clear the area.

Select an entry altitude that allows the Task to be completed no lower than 3,000 feet above ground level (AGL).

Establish the configuration as specified by the evaluator.

Set power appropriate for the configuration, such that the airspeed does not exceed the maneuvering speed (VA) or any other applicable Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH)/Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) limitation.

Establish and maintain a coordinated turn in a 45° bank, increasing elevator back pressure smoothly and firmly until an impending stall is reached.

Acknowledge the cues at the first indication of a stall (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Execute a stall recovery in accordance with procedures set forth in the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH)/Flight Manual (FM).

Configure the airplane as recommended by the manufacturer, and accelerate to best angle of climb speed (VX) or best rate of climb speed (VY).

Return to the altitude, heading, and airspeed specified by the evaluator.

Aerodynamics associated with spins in various airplane configurations, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, airplane weight and center of gravity, airplane attitude, and yaw effects.

What causes a spin and how to identify the entry, incipient, and developed phases of a spin.

Spin recovery procedure.

Factors and situations that could lead to inadvertent spin and loss of control.

Range and limitations of stall warning indicators (e.g., aircraft buffet, stall horn, etc.).

Spin recovery procedure.

Effect of environmental elements on airplane performance related to spins (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high-density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation. [Intentionally left blank].