Flight Instructor for Airplane CategoryFAA-S-ACS-25
Area of Operation XIII
Multiengine Operations
3 Tasks
Task A Maneuvering with One Engine Inoperative (AMEL, AMES)
References
FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; FAA-P-8740-66; POH/AFM
Objective
To determine the applicant understands one engine inoperative, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Note
See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight.
Knowledge
Factors affecting minimum controllable speed (VMC).
VMC (red line) and best single-engine rate of climb airspeed (VYSE) (blue line).
How to identify, verify, feather, and secure an inoperative engine.
Importance of drag reduction, including propeller feathering, gear and flap retraction, the manufacturer’s recommended control input and its relation to zero sideslip.
Feathering, securing, unfeathering, and restarting.
Common errors related to this Task.
Risk Management
Potential engine failure during flight.
Collision hazards.
Configuring the airplane.
Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills
Recognize an engine failure, maintain control, use manufacturer’s memory item procedures, and use appropriate emergency procedures.
Set the engine controls, identify and verify the inoperative engine, and feather the appropriate propeller.
Use flight controls in the proper combination as recommended by the manufacturer, or as required to maintain best performance, and trim as required.
Attempt to determine and resolve the reason for the engine failure.
Secure the inoperative engine and monitor the operating engine and make necessary adjustments.
Restart the inoperative engine using manufacturer’s restart procedures.
Maintain altitude ±100 feet or minimum sink rate if applicable, airspeed ±10 knots, and selected headings ±10°.
Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
Task B VMC Demonstration (AMEL, AMES)
References
FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; FAA-P-8740-66; POH/AFM
Objective
To determine the applicant understands VMC demonstration, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Note
See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight and Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Knowledge
Purpose of the maneuver.
Proper procedures for maneuver entry and safe recovery.
Factors affecting VMC and how VMC differs from stall speed (VS).
VMC (red line), VYSE (blue line), and safe single-engine speed (VSSE).
Cause of loss of directional control at airspeeds below VMC.
Common errors related to this Task.
Risk Management
Configuring the airplane.
Maneuvering with one engine inoperative.
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills
Configure the airplane in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, in the absence of the manufacturer’s recommendations, then at safe single-engine speed (VSSE/VYSE), as appropriate, and:
a. Landing gear retracted
b. Flaps set for takeoff
c. Cowl flaps set for takeoff
d. Trim set for takeoff
e. Propellers set for high revolutions per minute (rpm)
f. Power on critical engine reduced to idle and propeller windmilling
g. Power on operating engine set to takeoff or maximum available power
Establish a single-engine climb attitude with the airspeed at approximately 10 knots above VSSE.
Establish a bank angle not to exceed 5° toward the operating engine, as required for best performance and controllability.
Increase the pitch attitude slowly to reduce the airspeed at approximately 1 knot per second while applying increased rudder pressure as needed to maintain directional control.
Recognize and recover at the first indication of loss of directional control, stall warning, or buffet.
Recover promptly by simultaneously reducing power sufficiently on the operating engine, decreasing the angle of attack as necessary to regain airspeed and directional control, and without adding power on the simulated failed engine.
Recover within 20° of entry heading.
Advance power smoothly on the operating engine and accelerate to VSSE/VYSE, as appropriate, ±5 knots during recovery.
Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
Task C Demonstration of Effects of Various Airspeeds and Configurations during Engine Inoperative Performance (AMEL and AMES)
References
FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; FAA-P-8740-66; POH/AFM
Objective
To determine the applicant understands the effects of various airspeeds and configurations during engine inoperative performance, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Note
See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight and Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Knowledge
Purpose for and elements of demonstration of effects of various airspeeds and configurations during engine inoperative performance.
Selection of appropriate altitude for the demonstration.
Proper entry procedure to include pitch attitude, bank attitude, and airspeed.
Effects on performance of airspeed changes at, above, and below VYSE.
Effects on performance of various configurations including:
a. Landing gear extended
b. Wing flaps extended
c. Landing gear and wing flaps extended
d. Windmilling propeller on the inoperative engine
Airspeed control throughout the demonstration.
Smooth control technique and coordination throughout the demonstration.
Common errors related to this Task.
Risk Management
Altitude selection.
Entry and recovery procedures.
Loss of control or stall.
Configuring the airplane.
Collision hazards.
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills
Demonstrate, describe, and explain effects of various airspeeds and configurations during engine inoperative performance.
Demonstrate smooth control inputs when transitioning between various airspeeds and configurations, which include:
a. Landing gear extended
b. Wing flaps extended
c. Landing gear and wing flaps extended
d. Windmilling propeller on the inoperative engine
Maintain appropriate airspeed, attitude, and altitude combinations for the various configurations.
Return to normal cruise flight at the altitude and heading specified by the evaluator.
Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.