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  5. § 135.247
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14 CFR · Part 135

14 CFR § 135.247

Pilot qualifications: Recent experience.

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Read in Subpart E
Part 135 Contents
  • Subpart A: General
  • Subpart B: Flight Operations
  • Subpart C: Aircraft and Equipment
  • Subpart D: VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements
  • Subpart E: Flight Crewmember Requirements
  • Subpart F: Crewmember Flight Time and Duty Period Limitations and Rest Requirements
  • Subpart G: Crewmember Testing Requirements
  • Subpart H: Training
  • Subpart I: Airplane Performance Operating Limitations
  • Subpart J: Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations
  • Subpart K: Hazardous Materials Training Program
  • Subpart L: Helicopter Air Ambulance Equipment, Operations, and Training Requirements
  • Appendix A to Part 135: Additional Airworthiness Standards for 10 or More Passenger Airplanes
  • Appendix B to Part 135: Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications
  • Appendix C to Part 135: Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications
  • Appendix D to Part 135: Airplane Flight Recorder Specification
  • Appendix E to Part 135: Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications
  • Appendix F to Part 135: Airplane Flight Recorder Specification
  • Appendix G to Part 135: Extended Operations (ETOPS)
(a)

No certificate holder may use any person, nor may any person serve, as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers unless, within the preceding 90 days, that person has—

(1)

Made three takeoffs and three landings as the sole manipulator of the flight controls in an aircraft of the same category and class and, if a type rating is required, of the same type in which that person is to serve; or

(2)

For operation during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise (as published in the Air Almanac), made three takeoffs and three landings during that period as the sole manipulator of the flight controls in an aircraft of the same category and class and, if a type rating is required, of the same type in which that person is to serve.

A person who complies with paragraph (a)(2) of this section need not comply with paragraph (a)(1) of this section.

(3)

Paragraph (a)(2) of this section does not apply to a pilot in command of a turbine-powered airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember, provided that pilot has complied with the requirements of paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section:

(i)

The pilot in command must hold at least a commercial pilot certificate with the appropriate category, class, and type rating for each airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative, and:

(A)

That pilot must have logged at least 1,500 hours of aeronautical experience as a pilot;

(B)

In each airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative, that pilot must have accomplished and logged the daytime takeoff and landing recent flight experience of paragraph (a) of this section, as the sole manipulator of the flight controls;

(C)

Within the preceding 90 days prior to the operation of that airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember, the pilot must have accomplished and logged at least 15 hours of flight time in the type of airplane that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative; and

(D)

That pilot has accomplished and logged at least 3 takeoffs and 3 landings to a full stop, as the sole manipulator of the flight controls, in a turbine-powered airplane that requires more than one pilot crewmember. The pilot must have performed the takeoffs and landings during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise within the preceding 6 months prior to the month of the flight.

(ii)

The pilot in command must hold at least a commercial pilot certificate with the appropriate category, class, and type rating for each airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative, and:

(A)

That pilot must have logged at least 1,500 hours of aeronautical experience as a pilot;

(B)

In each airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative, that pilot must have accomplished and logged the daytime takeoff and landing recent flight experience of paragraph (a) of this section, as the sole manipulator of the flight controls;

(C)

Within the preceding 90 days prior to the operation of that airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember, the pilot must have accomplished and logged at least 15 hours of flight time in the type of airplane that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative; and

(D)

Within the preceding 12 months prior to the month of the flight, the pilot must have completed a training program that is approved under part 142 of this chapter. The approved training program must have required and the pilot must have performed, at least 6 takeoffs and 6 landings to a full stop as the sole manipulator of the controls in a flight simulator that is representative of a turbine-powered airplane that requires more than one pilot crewmember. The flight simulator's visual system must have been adjusted to represent the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise.

(b)

For the purpose of paragraph (a) of this section, if the aircraft is a tailwheel airplane, each takeoff must be made in a tailwheel airplane and each landing must be made to a full stop in a tailwheel airplane.

Referenced By

Interpretations of This Section (4)

  • Filler (Tab Associates), 2020
  • Beeler, 2016
  • Lamb, 2016
  • Origel, 2015

Documents that cite this section, found in their catalog metadata or text. Listed by date, not by significance.

Regulations Referenced

14 CFR Part 142

Reflects the eCFR edition current as of September 29, 2026. Retrieved from ecfr.gov on October 16, 2026.

Primary Source

  • Official Source (14 CFR · Part 135)