JO 7110.65 — Air Traffic Control
JO 7110.65 2-3-10
CONTROL SYMBOLOGY
Use authorized control and clearance symbols or abbreviations for recording clearances, reports, and instructions. Control status of aircraft must always be current. You may use:
Plain language markings when it will aid in understanding information.
Locally approved identifiers. Use these only within your facility and not on teletypewriter or interphone circuits.
Plain sheets of paper or locally prepared forms to record information when flight progress strips are not used. (See TBL 2-3-11 and TBL 2-3-12 .)
Control Information Symbols.
(See FIG 2-3-7 and FIG 2-3-8.) REFERENCE-
FAA Order JO 7110.65, Para 4-5-3 , Exceptions.
TBL 2-3-11 Clearance Abbreviations Abbreviation
Meaning
A
Cleared to airport (point of intended landing)
B
Center clearance delivered
C
ATC clears (when clearance relayed through non-ATC facility)
CAF
Cleared as filed
D
Cleared to depart from the fix
F
Cleared to the fix
H
Cleared to hold and instructions issued
L
Cleared to land
N
Clearance not delivered
O
Cleared to the outer marker
PD
Cleared to climb/descend at pilot's discretion
Q
Cleared to fly specified sectors of a NAVAID defined in terms of courses, bearings, radials or quadrants within a designated radius.
T
Cleared through (for landing and takeoff through intermediate point)
V
Cleared over the fix
X
Cleared to cross (airway, route, radial) at (point)
Z
Tower jurisdiction
TBL 2-3-12 Miscellaneous Abbreviations Abbreviation
Meaning
BC
Back course approach
CT
Contact approach
FA
Final approach
FMS
Flight management system approach
GPS
GPS approach
I
Initial approach
ILS
ILS approach
MA
Missed approach
NDB
Nondirectional radio beacon approach
OTP
VFR conditions-on-top
PA
Precision approach
PT
Procedure turn
RA
Resolution advisory (Pilot reported TCAS event)
RH
Runway heading
RNAV
Area navigation approach
RP
Report immediately upon passing (fix/altitude)
RX
Report crossing
SA
Surveillance approach
SI
Straight-in approach
TA
TACAN approach
TL
Turn left
TR
Turn right
VA
Visual approach
VR
VOR approach
FIG 2-3-7 Control Information Symbols [Part 1]
![Control Information Symbols [Part 1]](https://ndawjkwxzxzclnghzfls.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/reference-published/figures/aim/1b71a55b92120a833b45509094e10970b4cd758222cc2925ca8cd38a2ffd9d7c.png)
FIG 2-3-8 Control Information Symbols [Part 2]
![Control Information Symbols [Part 2]](https://ndawjkwxzxzclnghzfls.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/reference-published/figures/aim/c16e74896c4528cc8ae8203bd55667f99efec0a9da4025a43c87ceaeffb8f97f.png)
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Chapter 2. General Control 7110.65BB
7110.65 by Chapter Number Chapter 0. General Information Chapter 1. General Chapter 2. General Control Chapter 3. Airport Traffic Control - Terminal Chapter 4. IFR Chapter 5. Radar Chapter 6. Nonradar Chapter 7. Visual Chapter 8. Offshore/Oceanic Procedures Chapter 9. Special Flights Chapter 10. Emergencies Chapter 11. Traffic Management Procedures Chapter 12. Canadian Airspace Procedures Chapter 13. Decision Support Tools Chapter 14. Data Link Communications Appendix A Appendix B
ATPUBS
JO 7110.65BB by Topic
General Information Explanation of Changes
General Introduction
Terms of Reference
General Control General
Flight Plans and Control Information
Flight Progress Strips
Radio and Interphone Communications
Route and NAVAID Description
Weather Information
Altimeter Settings
Runway Visibility Reporting- Terminal
Automatic Terminal Information Service Procedures
Team Position Responsibilities
Airport Traffic Control - Terminal General
Visual Signals
Airport Conditions
Airport Lighting
Runway Selection
Airport Surface Detection Procedures
Taxi and Ground Movement Procedures
Spacing and Sequencing
Departure Procedures and Separation
Arrival Procedures and Separation
Helicopter Operations
Sea Lane Operations
IFR NAVAID Use Limitations
Clearances
Departure Procedures
Route Assignment
Altitude Assignment and Verification
Holding Aircraft
Arrival Procedures
Approach Clearance Procedures
Radar General
Beacon/ADS-B Systems
Radar Identification
Transfer of Radar Identification
Radar Separation
Vectoring
Speed Adjustment
Radar Departures
Radar Arrivals
Radar Approaches- Terminal
Surveillance Approaches- Terminal
PAR Approaches- Terminal
Automation- En Route
Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System (STARS)-Terminal
Nonradar General
Initial Separation of Successive Departing Aircraft
Initial Separation of Departing and Arriving Aircraft
Longitudinal Separation
Lateral Separation
Vertical Separation
Timed Approaches
Visual General
Visual Separation
VFR‐On‐Top
Approaches
Special VFR (SVFR)
Basic Radar Service to VFR Aircraft- Terminal
Terminal Radar Service Area (TRSA)-Terminal
Class C Service- Terminal
Class B Service Area- Terminal
Offshore/Oceanic Procedures General
Coordination
Longitudinal Separation
Lateral Separation
Offshore/Oceanic Transition Procedures
Separation from Airspace Reservations
North Atlantic ICAO Region
Caribbean ICAO Region
Pacific ICAO Region
North American ICAO Region
Special Flights General
Special Operations
Special Use, ATC-Assigned Airspace, and Stationary ALTRVs
Fuel Dumping
Jettisoning of External Stores
Unmanned Free Balloons
Parachute Operations
Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) Reports
Emergencies General
Emergency Assistance
Overdue Aircraft
Control Actions
Miscellaneous Operations
Oceanic Emergency Procedures
Ground Missile Emergencies
Traffic Management Procedures General
Canadian Airspace Procedures General Control
Decision Support Tools ERAM - En Route
ATOP - Oceanic
Data Link Communications Terminal Procedures for Issuing Automated Clearances
En Route Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) - Domestic
Advanced Technologies and Oceanic Procedures (ATOP) - Oceanic Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC)
Appendix A
Appendix B
General Control
Radio and Interphone Communications
Chapter 2. General Control
Section 4. Radio and Interphone Communications
Retrieved from ecfr.gov on July 20, 2026.