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Legal Interpretations

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Osmundson-Southern Air 2014

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Summary

The Question

Must a pilot subject to 14 CFR 121.525(c) be scheduled under 14 CFR 121.521 on both three-pilot and four-pilot crews?

Background

Southern Air Inc. asked which flight, duty, and rest provisions apply to a pilot covered by 14 CFR 121.525(c), which governs pilots serving in more than one type of flight crew. The FAA assumed the carrier had elected the international rules under 14 CFR 121.513.

The FAA’s Interpretation

Yes. The plain text of 14 CFR 121.525(c) makes the pilots it covers subject to the flight time limitations of 14 CFR 121.521, so such a pilot must be scheduled under 14 CFR 121.521 whether on a 3-pilot or 4-pilot crew. This applies only to pilots on mixed operations subject to 14 CFR 121.525(c); pilots on four-pilot crews who are not would be subject to 14 CFR 121.523.

Requester
Osmundson
Organization
Southern Air
Issued
June 30, 2014
Subject
Flight & Duty Time

Regulations Cited

  • 14 CFR 121.513
  • 14 CFR 121.515
  • 14 CFR 121.521
  • 14 CFR 121.523
  • 14 CFR 121.525

Page 1

U.S. Department
of Transportation
Federal Aviation
Administration JU.~ 3.0 2014
Don Osmundson
Vice President of Flight Operations
Southern Air Inc.
117 Glover A venue
Norwalk, CT 06850
Dear Mr. Osmundson,
Office of the Chief Counsel 800 Independence Ave., S.W .
Washington, D.C. 20591

This is in response to your letter asking about the flight, duty, and rest provisions applicable to a pilot to whom 14 C.F.R. § 121.525(c) applies. Specifically, you ask whether the provisions of§ 121.521 would be applicable to the pilot when he is operating on a 3-pilot crew and whether the provisions of§ 121.523 would apply when the pilot is operating on a 4-pilot crew.

Supplemental air carriers conducting overseas and international supplemental operations may elect, pursuant to § 121.513, to comply with the flight time limitations of§ 121.515 and§§ 121.521through121.525 (commonly referred to as the "international rules"). 1 Normally, a crew of two pilots and one additional airman is subject to the flight, duty, and rest provisions of§ 121.521 while a crew of three or more pilots and additional airmen is subject to the provisions of§ 121.523.

However, if a pilot serves in more than one type of flight crew, that pilot is subject to the provisions of§ 121.525. Subsection 12 l.525(c) applies to a pilot who is "scheduled for duty aloft for more than 20 hours in two-pilot and additional flight crewmember crews in 30 consecutive days or whose assignment in such a crew is interrupted more than once in any 30 consecutive days by assignment to a crew consisting of three pilots and an additional flight crewmember." This subsection states that pilots to which it is applicable are subject to the flight time limitations of§ 121.521.

You ask us to assume that the pilot in your question is subject to the provisions of § 121.525(c). Because the plain text of§ 121.525(c) states that a pilot subject to its provisions must be scheduled under § 121.521 , the pilot in your question must be scheduled under§ 121.521 regardless of whether he is on a 3-pilot or a 4-pilot crew. We note, however, that this applies only to pilots working on mixed operations subject to § 121.525(c). Pilots on a four-pilot crew who are not working on mixed operations subject to§ 121.525 would be subject to the provisions of§ 121.523.

1 See J4 C.F.R. § 121.513. In order to answer your question, we will assume that the carrier employing the pilot in your question is eligible to operate under the international rules and has made an election to operate under these rules.

Page 2

We appreciate your patience and trust that the above responds to your concerns. If you need further assistance, please contact my staff at (202) 267-3073. This response was prepared by Alex Zektser, Attorney, Regulations Division of the Office of the Chief Counsel, and coordinated with the Air Transportation Division of Flight Standards Service.

ury Assistant Chief Counsel for In ational Law, Legislation, and Regulations, AGC-200

Regulations Referenced

14 CFR 121.52514 CFR 121.52114 CFR 121.52314 CFR 121.51314 CFR 121.515

Snapshot retrieved August 6, 2026.

Summary

The Question

Must a pilot subject to 14 CFR 121.525(c) be scheduled under 14 CFR 121.521 on both three-pilot and four-pilot crews?

Background

Southern Air Inc. asked which flight, duty, and rest provisions apply to a pilot covered by 14 CFR 121.525(c), which governs pilots serving in more than one type of flight crew. The FAA assumed the carrier had elected the international rules under 14 CFR 121.513.

The FAA’s Interpretation

Yes. The plain text of 14 CFR 121.525(c) makes the pilots it covers subject to the flight time limitations of 14 CFR 121.521, so such a pilot must be scheduled under 14 CFR 121.521 whether on a 3-pilot or 4-pilot crew. This applies only to pilots on mixed operations subject to 14 CFR 121.525(c); pilots on four-pilot crews who are not would be subject to 14 CFR 121.523.

Requester
Osmundson
Organization
Southern Air
Issued
June 30, 2014
Subject
Flight & Duty Time

Regulations Cited

  • 14 CFR 121.513
  • 14 CFR 121.515
  • 14 CFR 121.521
  • 14 CFR 121.523
  • 14 CFR 121.525