Airman Certification Standards
ACS PA.IV.E
Short-Field Takeoff and Maximum Performance Climb (ASEL, AMEL)
Knowledge
Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).
Appropriate airplane configuration.
Risk Management
Selection of runway based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
a. Crosswind
b. Windshear
d. Wake turbulence
e. Takeoff surface/condition Private Pilot for Airplane Category ACS (FAA-S-ACS-6C)24
Abnormal operations, including planning for:
a. Rejected takeoff
b. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
Collision hazards.
Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skill
Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
Make radio calls as appropriate.
Verify assigned/correct runway.
Determine wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators.
Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.
Clear the area, taxi into takeoff position, and align the airplane on the runway centerline utilizing maximum available takeoff area.
Apply brakes while setting engine power to achieve maximum performance.
Confirm takeoff power prior to brake release and verify proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation.
Rotate and lift off at the recommended airspeed and accelerate to the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed or VX, +10/-5 knots.
Establish a pitch attitude to maintain the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed or VX, +10/-5 knots until the obstacle is cleared or until the airplane is 50 feet above the surface.
Establish a pitch attitude for VY and accelerate to VY +10/-5 knots after clearing the obstacle or at 50 feet AGL if simulating an obstacle.
Configure the airplane in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidance after a positive rate of climb has been verified.
Maintain VY +10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.
Comply with noise abatement procedures, as applicable.
Retrieved from ecfr.gov on July 17, 2026.