ACS CA.IV.L

A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.

Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance.

Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.

When and why rough water techniques are used.

How to perform a proper rough water approach and landing.

Selection of approach path and touchdown area based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.

a. Crosswind

b. Windshear

d. Wake turbulence

e. Water surface/condition 33

Planning for a go-around and rejected landing.

Collision hazards.

Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).

Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.

Gear position in an amphibious airplane.

Complete the appropriate checklist(s).

Make radio calls as appropriate.

Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned waterway.

Scan the landing area for traffic and obstructions.

Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstructions.

Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration, airspeed, and trim, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.

Maintain manufacturer’s published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 times the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration (VSO), ±5 knots with gust factor applied.

Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing.

Make smooth, timely, and correct power and control adjustments to maintain proper pitch attitude and rate of descent to touchdown.

Contact the water in a proper pitch attitude, considering the type of rough water.