ACS AI.X.B

Purpose of and procedures for demonstration of flight characteristics at various configurations and airspeeds.

Power required at various airspeeds between cruise airspeed and critically slow airspeeds near the critical angle of attack.

The minimum power required speed and its role in differentiating the region of normal command and the region of reversed command on the power-required curve.

The relationships between lift, drag, angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power required, weight, center of gravity, attitude, yaw effects, controllability, and stalls and spins.

Pitch, power, and trim control inputs that are required to operate the airplane in level flight, turns, climbs, and descents and how the control inputs change at various airspeeds between cruise airspeed and critically slow airspeeds.

Flight characteristics and aerodynamics associated with configuration changes applicable to the specific to the make and model of airplane provided for the practical test.

Airspeeds specific to the airplane for various operations, how to identify them on the airspeed indicator (if applicable), and their significance in airplane performance, including:

a. Design/operating maneuvering speed

b. Landing gear extended/operating speed, if applicable

c. Flaps extended/operating speed, if applicable

d. Best glide speed

e. Reference landing speed

f. Stalling speeds

Common errors related to this Task.

Lack of familiarity with airplane airspeed limitations and interpretation of the airspeed indicator.

Exceeding airspeed limitations.

Flight characteristics in the region of reversed command and the potential for loss of control.

Inadvertent exceedance of the critical angle of attack.

Range, limitations, and operational characteristics of airspeed indicators and stall warning indicators (e.g., airplane buffet, stall horn, etc.). 66

Unacknowledged stall warning indications.

Effects of environmental elements on airplane performance and controllability. (e.g., turbulence, microbursts, and high density altitude).

Collision hazards.

Maneuvering at critically slow airspeeds.

Conduct and explain the procedure, manage the associated risk, and fly the airplane, while maintaining altitude ±100 feet, airspeed +5/-0 knots, heading ±10°, and specified bank angle ±5°, as appropriate.

Select an altitude that allows the maneuver to be performed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL).

Clear the area.

Clean configuration demonstration:

a. Establish and maintain design/operating maneuvering speed appropriate to the airplane’s weight while describing pitch, power, and trim inputs to maintain altitude and airspeed, then;

b. With gear and flaps retracted (as applicable), slow the airplane to, and maintain, best glide speed (or as specified by evaluator), noting the power setting required, then;

c. Continue to slow the airplane to, and maintain, an airspeed at which any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction in power would result in an immediate stall, and maintain that airspeed in level flight, noting the airspeed and power setting required, while;

d. Verbally acknowledging stall warning indications, then;

e. Without changing power setting, lower the pitch attitude and accelerate to a faster airspeed until reestablishing the airplane in level flight, noting the new airspeed and amount of altitude lost, then;

f. Return to normal cruise flight at the altitude and heading specified by the evaluator

Landing configuration demonstration.

a. Establish and maintain design/operating maneuvering speed appropriate to the airplane’s weight while describing pitch, power, and trim inputs to maintain altitude and airspeed, then;

b. Slow the airplane to, and maintain, the appropriate limiting airspeeds and fully extend the landing gear and flaps (as appropriate), then;

c. With gear and flaps fully extended (as applicable), slow the airplane to, and maintain, reference landing speed (or as specified by the evaluator), noting the power setting required, then;

d. With gear and flaps fully extended, continue to slow the airplane to, and maintain, an airspeed at which any further increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction in power would result in an immediate stall, and maintain that airspeed in level flight, noting the airspeed and power setting required, while;

e. Verbally acknowledging stall warning indications, then;

f. Without changing power setting, lower the pitch attitude and accelerate to a faster airspeed until reestablishing the airplane in in level flight, noting the new airspeed and amount of altitude lost, then;

g. Return to normal cruise flight at the altitude and heading specified by the evaluator 67

Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.