Airman Certification Standards
ACS AA.III.A
Normal Takeoff and Climb
Knowledge
Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
Appropriate V-speeds for takeoff and climb.
Appropriate aircraft configuration and power setting for takeoff and climb.
Runway markings and lighting.
Risk Management
Selection of a runway, or runway intersection, based on aircraft limitations, available distance, surface conditions, and wind.
Wake turbulence.
Abnormal operations, including planning for:
a. Rejected takeoff
b. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
Configuring or setting the aircraft (e.g., trim, flaps, autobrakes, etc.).
Collision hazards.
Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skill
Coordinate with crew, if applicable, and complete the appropriate checklist(s) prior to takeoff in a timely manner.
Make radio calls as appropriate.
Verify assigned/correct runway (ASEL, AMEL) or takeoff path (ASES, AMES).
Verify the airplane is configured for takeoff.
Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.
Clear the area, taxi into takeoff position, and align the airplane on the runway centerline (ASEL, AMEL) or takeoff path (ASES, AMES). 19
Retract the water rudders, as appropriate (ASES, AMES).
Establish and maintain the most efficient planing/lift-off attitude, and correct for porpoising or skipping (ASES, AMES).
Maintain centerline (ASEL, AMEL) and proper flight control inputs during the takeoff roll.
Confirm takeoff power and proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation making callouts, as appropriate, for the airplane or per the operator’s procedures.
Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s) (ASES, AMES).
Rotate and lift off at the recommended airspeed.
Establish a power setting and a pitch attitude to maintain the desired climb airspeed/V-speed, ±5 knots for each climb segment.
Maintain desired heading ±5°.
Retract the landing gear and flaps in accordance with manufacturer or operator procedures and limitations, as appropriate.
Avoid wake turbulence, if applicable.
Follow noise abatement procedures, as practicable.
Complete appropriate after takeoff checklist(s) in a timely manner.
Retrieved from ecfr.gov on July 17, 2026.